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Agents trained with deep reinforcement learning algorithms are capable of performing highly complex tasks including locomotion in continuous environments. We investigate transferring the learning acquired in one task to a set of previously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Suzan Ece Ada , Emre Ugur , H. Levent Akin

Video-and-language pre-training has shown promising results for learning generalizable representations. Most existing approaches usually model video and text in an implicit manner, without considering explicit structural representations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Guohao Li , Hu Yang , Feng He , Zhifan Feng , Yajuan Lyu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

The safe application of reinforcement learning (RL) requires generalization from limited training data to unseen scenarios. Yet, fulfilling tasks under changing circumstances is a key challenge in RL. Current state-of-the-art approaches for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Philipp Altmann , Fabian Ritz , Leonard Feuchtinger , Jonas Nüßlein , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien , Thomy Phan

Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) has been receiving increasingly more attention thanks to its encouraging performance on a variety of control tasks. Yet, conventional regularization techniques in training neural networks (e.g., $L_2$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Zhuang Liu , Xuanlin Li , Bingyi Kang , Trevor Darrell

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents often fail to generalize to unseen environments (yet semantically similar to trained agents), particularly when they are trained on high-dimensional state spaces, such as images. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Kimin Lee , Kibok Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Honglak Lee

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents trained in a limited set of environments tend to suffer overfitting and fail to generalize to unseen testing environments. To improve their generalizability, data augmentation approaches (e.g. cutout…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Kaixin Wang , Bingyi Kang , Jie Shao , Jiashi Feng

While Reinforcement Learning for Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is powerful for training large reasoning models, its training dynamics harbor a critical challenge: RL overfitting, where models gain training rewards but lose generalization. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zeng Zhiyuan , Jiashuo Liu , Zhangyue Yin , Ge Zhang , Wenhao Huang , Xipeng Qiu

The ability for policies to generalize to new environments is key to the broad application of RL agents. A promising approach to prevent an agent's policy from overfitting to a limited set of training environments is to apply regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Maximilian Igl , Kamil Ciosek , Yingzhen Li , Sebastian Tschiatschek , Cheng Zhang , Sam Devlin , Katja Hofmann

Producing agents that can generalize to a wide range of visually different environments is a significant challenge in reinforcement learning. One method for overcoming this issue is visual domain randomization, whereby at the start of each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Reda Bahi Slaoui , William R. Clements , Jakob N. Foerster , Sébastien Toth

Generalizability of Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents (ability to perform on environments different from the ones they have been trained on) is a key problem as agents have the tendency to overfit to their training environments. In order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Olivier Moulin , Vincent Francois-lavet , Paul Elbers , Mark Hoogendoorn

The success of AI assistants based on language models (LLMs) hinges crucially on Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), which enables the generation of responses more aligned with human preferences. As universal AI assistants,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Rui Zheng , Wei Shen , Yuan Hua , Wenbin Lai , Shihan Dou , Yuhao Zhou , Zhiheng Xi , Xiao Wang , Haoran Huang , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Despite recent progress in offline learning, these methods are still trained and tested on the same environment. In this paper, we compare the generalization abilities of widely used online and offline learning methods such as online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Ishita Mediratta , Qingfei You , Minqi Jiang , Roberta Raileanu

In this paper, we investigate the problem of overfitting in deep reinforcement learning. Among the most common benchmarks in RL, it is customary to use the same environments for both training and testing. This practice offers relatively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Karl Cobbe , Oleg Klimov , Chris Hesse , Taehoon Kim , John Schulman

Large Vision-Language Action (VLA) models have shown significant potential for embodied AI. However, their predominant training via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) limits generalization due to susceptibility to compounding errors under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Jijia Liu , Feng Gao , Bingwen Wei , Xinlei Chen , Qingmin Liao , Yi Wu , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

The large capacity of neural networks enables them to learn complex functions. To avoid overfitting, networks however require a lot of training data that can be expensive and time-consuming to collect. A common practical approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Majed El Helou , Frederike Dümbgen , Sabine Süsstrunk

Recent advancements in off-policy Reinforcement Learning (RL) have significantly improved sample efficiency, primarily due to the incorporation of various forms of regularization that enable more gradient update steps than traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Michal Nauman , Michał Bortkiewicz , Piotr Miłoś , Tomasz Trzciński , Mateusz Ostaszewski , Marek Cygan

In many reinforcement learning (RL) applications, the observation space is specified by human developers and restricted by physical realizations, and may thus be subject to dramatic changes over time (e.g. increased number of observable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Yanchao Sun , Ruijie Zheng , Xiyao Wang , Andrew Cohen , Furong Huang

We introduce a method to address goal misgeneralization in reinforcement learning (RL), leveraging Large Language Model (LLM) feedback during training. Goal misgeneralization, a type of robustness failure in RL occurs when an agent retains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Houda Nait El Barj , Theophile Sautory

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents are widely used for solving complex sequential decision making tasks, but still exhibit difficulty in generalizing to scenarios not seen during training. While prior online approaches demonstrated that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Bogdan Mazoure , Ilya Kostrikov , Ofir Nachum , Jonathan Tompson

Graphical user interface (GUI)-based mobile agents automate digital tasks on mobile devices by interpreting natural-language instructions and interacting with the screen. While recent methods apply reinforcement learning (RL) to train…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Li Gu , Zihuan Jiang , Zhixiang Chi , Huan Liu , Ziqiang Wang , Yuanhao Yu , Glen Berseth , Yang Wang
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