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We consider a minimax problem motivated by distributionally robust optimization (DRO) when the worst-case distribution is continuous, leading to significant computational challenges due to the infinite-dimensional nature of the optimization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-31 Linglingzhi Zhu , Yao Xie

In many real-world applications, ensuring the robustness and stability of deep neural networks (DNNs) is crucial, particularly for image classification tasks that encounter various input perturbations. While data augmentation techniques…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-26 Jiaming Hu , Debarghya Mukherjee , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

We consider a two-stage distributionally robust optimization (DRO) model with multimodal uncertainty, where both the mode probabilities and uncertainty distributions could be affected by the first-stage decisions. To address this setting,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Xian Yu , Beste Basciftci

Meta learning aims at learning how to solve tasks, and thus it allows to estimate models that can be quickly adapted to new scenarios. This work explores distributionally robust minimization in meta learning for system identification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Matteo Rufolo , Dario Piga , Marco Forgione

Submodular functions have applications throughout machine learning, but in many settings, we do not have direct access to the underlying function $f$. We focus on stochastic functions that are given as an expectation of functions over a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Matthew Staib , Bryan Wilder , Stefanie Jegelka

Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) is a worst-case approach to decision making when there is model uncertainty. It is also well known that for certain uncertainty sets, DRO is approximated by a regularized nominal problem. We show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Jun-ya Gotoh , Michael Jong Kim , Andrew E. B. Lim

Different distribution shifts require different interventions, and algorithms must be grounded in the specific shifts they address. However, methodological development for robust algorithms typically relies on structural assumptions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Tianyu Wang , Jiashuo Liu , Peng Cui , Hongseok Namkoong

There are numerous industrial settings in which a decision maker must decide whether to enter into long-term contracts to guarantee price (and hence cash flow) stability or to participate in more volatile spot markets. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Dimitri J. Papageorgiou

This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework for dynamic portfolio optimization under market uncertainty and risk. The proposed model integrates a Sharpe ratio-based reward function with direct risk control mechanisms,…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-17 Emmanuel Lwele , Sabuni Emmanuel , Sitali Gabriel Sitali

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have achieved significant success in generative tasks. However, their training and sampling processes suffer from the issue of distribution mismatch. During the denoising process, the input data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Zekun Wang , Mingyang Yi , Shuchen Xue , Zhenguo Li , Ming Liu , Bing Qin , Zhi-Ming Ma

In dynamic programming (DP) and reinforcement learning (RL), an agent learns to act optimally in terms of expected long-term return by sequentially interacting with its environment modeled by a Markov decision process (MDP). More generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Mastane Achab , Gergely Neu

We consider statistical methods which invoke a min-max distributionally robust formulation to extract good out-of-sample performance in data-driven optimization and learning problems. Acknowledging the distributional uncertainty in learning…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-05 Jose Blanchet , Karthyek Murthy , Viet Anh Nguyen

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms for safety alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), encounter the challenge of distribution shift. Current approaches typically address this issue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qiyuan Deng , Xuefeng Bai , Kehai Chen , Yaowei Wang , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

We study distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problems where the ambiguity set is defined using the Wasserstein metric. We show that this class of DRO problems can be reformulated as semi-infinite programs. We give an exchange method…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-04-14 Fengqiao Luo , Sanjay Mehrotra

Distributionally Robust Reinforcement Learning (DR-RL) aims to derive a policy optimizing the worst-case performance within a predefined uncertainty set. Despite extensive research, previous DR-RL algorithms have predominantly favored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Yudan Wang , Shaofeng Zou , Yue Wang

We introduce dro, an open-source Python library for distributionally robust optimization (DRO) for regression and classification problems. The library implements 14 DRO formulations and 9 backbone models, enabling 79 distinct DRO methods.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jiashuo Liu , Tianyu Wang , Henry Lam , Hongseok Namkoong , Jose Blanchet

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has proven effective for Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning, yet current methods face key challenges in resource allocation and policy optimization dynamics: (i) uniform rollout…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yangyi Fang , Jiaye Lin , Xiaoliang Fu , Cong Qin , Haolin Shi , Chaowen Hu , Lu Pan , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai

Single-level reformulations of (non-convex) distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problems are often intractable, as they contain semiinfinite dual constraints. Based on such a semiinfinite reformulation, we present a safe…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-09 J. Dienstbier , F. Liers , J. Rolfes

Off-policy evaluation and learning (OPE/L) use offline observational data to make better decisions, which is crucial in applications where online experimentation is limited. However, depending entirely on logged data, OPE/L is sensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Nathan Kallus , Xiaojie Mao , Kaiwen Wang , Zhengyuan Zhou

This paper proposes a novel approach to construct data-driven online solutions to optimization problems (P) subject to a class of distributionally uncertain dynamical systems. The introduced framework allows for the simultaneous learning of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Dan Li , Dariush Fooladivanda , Sonia Martinez