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Small integration time steps limit molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to millisecond time scales. Markov state models (MSMs) and equation-free approaches learn low-dimensional kinetic models from MD simulation data by performing…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 Hythem Sidky , Wei Chen , Andrew L. Ferguson

In the last decade, advances in molecular dynamics (MD) and Markov State Model (MSM) methodologies have made possible accurate and efficient estimation of kinetic rates and reactive pathways for complex biomolecular dynamics occurring on…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-01-29 Hongbin Wan , Vincent A. Voelz

Understanding the dynamic behavior of biomolecules is fundamental to elucidating biological function and facilitating drug discovery. While Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations provide a rigorous physical basis for studying these dynamics,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-19 Liang Shi , Jiarui Lu , Junqi Liu , Chence Shi , Zhi Yang , Jian Tang

Molecular Dynamics (MD) is a powerful computational microscope for probing protein functions. However, the need for fine-grained integration and the long timescales of biomolecular events make MD computationally expensive. To address this,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Kacper Kapuśniak , Cristian Gabellini , Michael Bronstein , Prudencio Tossou , Francesco Di Giovanni

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a powerful technique for studying microscopic phenomena, but its computational cost has driven significant interest in the development of deep learning-based surrogate models. We introduce generative modeling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-27 Bowen Jing , Hannes Stärk , Tommi Jaakkola , Bonnie Berger

Markov state models (MSMs) have been successful in computing metastable states, slow relaxation timescales and associated structural changes, and stationary or kinetic experimental observables of complex molecules from large amounts of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Frank Noe , Hao Wu , Jan-Hendrik Prinz , Nuria Plattner

Generating molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories using deep generative models has attracted increasing attention, yet remains inherently challenging due to the limited availability of MD data and the complexities involved in modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Aniketh Iyengar , Jiaqi Han , Pengwei Sun , Mingjian Jiang , Jianwen Xie , Stefano Ermon

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are essential tools in computational chemistry and drug discovery, offering crucial insights into dynamic molecular behavior. However, their utility is significantly limited by substantial computational…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Bin Feng , Jiying Zhang , Xinni Zhang , Zijing Liu , Yu Li

Only a small fraction of the data generated in state-of-the-art all-atom multi-microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is typically analyzed. With femtosecond integration steps, microsecond simulations generate billions of time…

We propose a multiscale computational method for thin-layer flows of complex fluids, termed the synchronized molecular dynamics (SMD) method, which directly couples local molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a macroscopic lubrication…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-28 Shugo Yasuda , Kotaro Oda , Fumito Muragaki , Yuta Taketa , Masashi Iwayama , Tomohide Ina

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations provide a fundamental tool for characterizing molecular behavior at full atomic resolution, but their applicability is severely constrained by the computational cost. To address this, a surge of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ziyang Yu , Wenbing Huang , Yang Liu

A novel approach to simulate simple protein-ligand systems at large time- and length-scales is to couple Markov state models (MSMs) of molecular kinetics with particle-based reaction-diffusion (RD) simulations, MSM/RD. Currently, MSM/RD…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-12-10 Mauricio J. del Razo , Manuel Dibak , Christof Schütte , Frank Noé

Significant progress in computer hardware and software have enabled molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to model complex biological phenomena such as protein folding. However, enabling MD simulations to access biologically relevant…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-02 Heng Ma , Debsindhu Bhowmik , Hyungro Lee , Matteo Turilli , Michael T. Young , Shantenu Jha , Arvind Ramanathan

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is essential for various scientific domains but computationally expensive. Learning-based force fields have made significant progress in accelerating ab-initio MD simulation but are not fast enough for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Xiang Fu , Tian Xie , Nathan J. Rebello , Bradley D. Olsen , Tommi Jaakkola

Markov state models (MSMs) have been widely used to analyze computer simulations of various biomolecular systems. They can capture conformational transitions much slower than an average or maximal length of a single molecular dynamics (MD)…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-14 Anton V. Sinitskiy , Vijay S. Pande

Masked generative models have become a strong paradigm for text-to-motion synthesis, but they still treat motion frames too uniformly during masking, attention, and decoding. This is a poor match for motion, where local dynamic complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Pengfei Zhou , Xiangyue Zhang , Xukun Shen , Yong Hu

Markov state models (MSMs) have become a popular approach for investigating the conformational dynamics of proteins and other biomolecules. MSMs are typically built from numerous molecular dynamics simulations by dividing the sampled…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-12 Yuan Yao , Raymond Z. Cui , Gregory R. Bowman , Daniel Silva , Jian Sun , Xuhui Huang

Molecular dynamics simulations are a cornerstone in science, allowing to investigate from the system's thermodynamics to analyse intricate molecular interactions. In general, to create extended molecular trajectories can be a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Ludwig Winkler , Klaus-Robert Müller , Huziel E. Sauceda

Molecular dynamics is a powerful tool for studying the thermodynamics and kinetics of complex molecular events. However, these simulations can rarely sample the required time scales in practice. Transition path sampling overcomes this…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Gianmarco Lazzeri , Hendrik Jung , Peter G. Bolhuis , Roberto Covino

We propose a deep generative Markov State Model (DeepGenMSM) learning framework for inference of metastable dynamical systems and prediction of trajectories. After unsupervised training on time series data, the model contains (i) a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-14 Hao Wu , Andreas Mardt , Luca Pasquali , Frank Noe
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