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The vertices of a $k$-token graph of a graph $G$ correspond to $k$ indistinguishable tokens placed on $k$ different vertices of $G$. Changing some conditions on both the nature of the tokens and the number of tokens allowed in each vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Xiaodi Song , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol , Mercè Mora , Shenggui Zhang

We put into evidence graphs with adjacency operator whose singular subspace is prescribed by the kernel of an auxiliary operator. In particular, for a family of graphs called admissible, the singular continuous spectrum is absent and there…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Mantoiu , S. Richard , R. Tiedra de Aldecoa

A nut graph is a simple graph of order 2 or more for which the adjacency matrix has a single zero eigenvalue such that all non-zero kernel eigenvectors have no zero entry (i.e. are full). It is shown by construction that every finite group…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-08 Nino Bašić , Patrick W. Fowler

An oriented graph is an orientation of a simple graph. In 2009, Keevash, K\"{u}hn and Osthus proved that every sufficiently large oriented graph $D$ of order $n$ with $(3n-4)/8$ is Hamiltonian. Later, Kelly, K\"{u}hn and Osthus showed that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Jia Zhou , Zhilan Wang , Jin Yan

In 1990, Cvetkovi\'{c} and Rowlinson [The largest eigenvalue of a graph: a survey, Linear Multilinear Algebra 28(1-2) (1990), 3--33] conjectured that among all outerplanar graphs on $n$ vertices, $K_1\vee P_{n-1}$ attains the maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Huiqiu Lin , Bo Ning

In this paper, we study spectral properties of prefix-reversal graphs. These graphs are obtained by connecting two elements of $C_m\wr S_n$ via prefix reversals. If $m=1,2$, the corresponding prefix-reversal graphs are the classic pancake…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Saúl A. Blanco , Charles Buehrle

In this article we introduce a definition of k-uniform thresholds hypergraphs through a binary sequence, a natural extension of the classical definition for thresholds graphs. We characterize some of its eigenvalues and multiplicities by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Miriam Abdón , Lucas Portugal , Renata Del-Vecchio , Renata de Freitas

A permutation sigma in Sn is a k-derangement if for any subset X = {a1, . . ., ak} \subseteq [n], {sigma(a1), . . ., sigma(ak)} is not equal to X. One can form the k-derangement graph on the set of permutations of Sn by connecting two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-29 Hannah Jackson , Kathryn Nyman , Les Reid

The $k$-token graph $T_k(G)$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-subsets of vertices of a graph $G$, with two vertices of $T_k(G)$ adjacent if their symmetric difference is an edge of $G$. We explore when $T_k(G)$ is a well-covered…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-12 F. M. Abdelmalek , Esther Vander Meulen , Kevin N. Vander Meulen , Adam Van Tuyl

Let $S_n$ denote the symmetric group of degree $n$ with $n\geq 3$. Set $S=\{c_n=(1\ 2\ldots \ n),c_n^{-1},(1\ 2)\}$. Let $\Gamma_n=\mathrm{Cay}(S_n,S)$ be the Cayley graph on $S_n$ with respect to $S$. In this paper, we show that $\Gamma_n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-20 Xueyi Huang , Qiongxiang Huang , Lu Lu

The $k$-token graph $F_k(G)$ of a graph $G$ on $n$ vertices is the graph whose vertices are the ${n\choose k}$ $k$-subsets of vertices from $G$, two of which being adjacent whenever their symmetric difference is a pair of adjacent vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-19 Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol , Arnau Messegué

Given an arbitrary connected $G$, the $n$-polygon graph $\tau_n(G)$ is obtained by adding a path with length $n$ $(n\geq 2)$ to each edge of graph $G$, and the iterated $n$-polygon graphs $\tau_n^g(G)$ ($g\geq 0$), is obtained from the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-29 Tengjie Chen , Zhenhua Yuan , Junhao Peng

We offer a new method for proving that the maximal eigenvalue of the normalized graph Laplacian of a graph with $n$ vertices is at least $\frac{n+1}{n-1}$ provided the graph is not complete and that equality is attained if and only if the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-07 Jürgen Jost , Raffaella Mulas , Florentin Münch

In this paper we enumerate $k$-noncrossing tangled-diagrams. A tangled-diagram is a labeled graph whose vertices are $1,...,n$ have degree $\le 2$, and are arranged in increasing order in a horizontal line. Its arcs are drawn in the upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-02-26 William Y. C. Chen , Jing Qin , Christian M. Reidys , Doron Zeilberger

This paper deals with the Cayley graph $\mathrm{Cay}(\mathrm{Sym}_n,T_n),$ where the generating set consists of all block transpositions. A motivation for the study of these particular Cayley graphs comes from current research in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-24 Annachiara Korchmaros , István Kovács

The unitary addition Cayley graph $G_n$, $n\in Z^+$ is the graph whose vertex set is $Z_n$, the ring of integers modulo $n$ and two vertices $u$ and $v$ are adjacent if and only if $u + v \in \cup_n$ where $\cup_n$ is the set of all units…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-07 Najiya V K , Chithra A , Naveen Palanivel

Let $n$ be any positive integer, the friendship graph $F_n$ consist of $n$ edge-disjoint triangles that all of them meeting in one vertex. A graph $G$ is called cospectral with a graph $H$ if their adjacency matrices have the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-13 Alireza Abdollahi , Shahrooz Janbaz

The graph $G_\sigma$ is obtained from graph $G$ by attaching self loops on $\sigma$ vertices. The energy $ E(G_\sigma)$ of the graph $G_\sigma$ with order $n$ and eigenvalues $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\dots,\lambda_n$ is defined as $…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Kalpesh M. Popat , Kunal R. Shingala

Let $G$ be a graph with $n$ vertices, and let $A(G)$ and $D(G)$ denote respectively the adjacency matrix and the degree matrix of $G$. Define $$ A_{\alpha}(G)=\alpha D(G)+(1-\alpha)A(G) $$ for any real $\alpha\in [0,1]$. The collection of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-05 Huiqiu Lin , Xiaogang Liu , Jie Xue

It is shown that there are groups $\Gamma$ with finite generating sets $S$ such that the adjacency operator of the Cayley graph ${\rm Cay}(\Gamma,S)$ is a disjoint union of $N$ intervals, for arbitrarily large integers $N$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-12 Pierre de la Harpe