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In this report, we inspect the application of an evolutionary approach to the game of Rack'O, which is a card game revolving around the notion of decision making. We first apply the evolutionary technique for obtaining a set of rules over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Rohan Saha , Cassidy Pirlot

In a classical chess round-robin tournament, each of $n$ players wins, draws, or loses a game against each of the other $n-1$ players. A win rewards a player with 1 points, a draw with 1/2 point, and a loss with 0 points. We are interested…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-28 Yaakov Malinovsky

Owning up to the authors' occasional mixed performances when playing darts we follow up on the ingenious work to determine the optimal aim to score high by Tibshirani et. al [JRS A 174, 213 (2011)] and expand on maximal expected reward…

Popular Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Merlin Füllgraf , Jochen Gemmer

We introduce an evolutionary game with feedback between perception and reality, which we call the reality game. It is a game of chance in which the probabilities for different objective outcomes (e.g., heads or tails in a coin toss) depend…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2009-02-09 Dmitriy Cherkashin , J. Doyne Farmer , Seth Lloyd

Fighting Fantasy is a popular recreational fantasy gaming system worldwide. Combat in this system progresses through a stochastic game involving a series of rounds, each of which may be won or lost. Each round, a limited resource (`luck')…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Iain G. Johnston

This paper presents a new exponential lower bound for the two most popular deterministic variants of the strategy improvement algorithms for solving parity, mean payoff, discounted payoff and simple stochastic games. The first variant…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Oliver Friedmann

This paper looks into the gain or loss from rolling a fair die multiple times and choosing the highest or lowest number as the outcome over rolling the die just once. Specifically, this paper gives a general formula for the expected value…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Fan Jiang , Elvin Jiang

The games of prediction with expert advice are considered in this paper. We present some modification of Kalai and Vempala algorithm of following the perturbed leader for the case of unrestrictedly large one-step gains. We show that in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2008-06-30 Vladimir V. V'yugin

Flip a coin repeatedly, and stop whenever you want. Your payoff is the proportion of heads, and you wish to maximize this payoff in expectation. This so-called Chow-Robbins game is amenable to computer analysis, but while simple-minded…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-04 Olle Häggström , Johan Wästlund

We consider games that have (k,t)-robust equilibria when played with a mediator, where an equilibrium is (k,t)-robust if it tolerates deviations by coalitions of size up to k and deviations by up to $t$ players with unknown utilities. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-12-07 Ittai Abraham , Danny Dolev , Joseph Y. Halpern

This paper presents a game-theoretic strategy for racing, where the autonomous ego agent seeks to block a racing opponent that aims to overtake the ego agent. After a library of trajectory candidates and an associated reward matrix are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Kyoungtae Ji , Sangjae Bae , Nan Li , Kyoungseok Han

Delay games are two-player games of infinite duration in which one player may delay her moves to obtain a lookahead on her opponent's moves. For $\omega$-regular winning conditions it is known that such games can be solved in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Felix Klein , Martin Zimmermann

Evaluating the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models is increasingly challenging as models improve. Human curation of hard questions is highly expensive, especially in recent benchmarks using PhD-level domain knowledge to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Simon Henniger , Gabriel Poesia

Rating systems play a vital role in the exponential growth of service-oriented markets. As highly rated online services usually receive substantial revenue in the markets, malicious sellers seek to boost their service evaluation by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Xin Zhou , Shigeo Matsubara , Yuan Liu , Qidong Liu

We study the performance of Fictitious Play, when used as a heuristic for finding an approximate Nash equilibrium of a 2-player game. We exhibit a class of 2-player games having payoffs in the range [0,1] that show that Fictitious Play…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-22 Paul W. Goldberg , Rahul Savani , Troels Bjerre Sorensen , Carmine Ventre

Follow the regularized leader FTRL is the premier algorithm for online optimization. However, despite decades of research on its convergence in constrained optimization -- and potential games in particular -- its behavior remained hitherto…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ioannis Anagnostides , Ioannis Panageas , Nikolas Patris , Tuomas Sandholm

In the standard setting of approachability there are two players and a target set. The players play repeatedly a known vector-valued game where the first player wants to have the average vector-valued payoff converge to the target set which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-20 Shie Mannor , Vianney Perchet , Gilles Stoltz

In RL, given a prompt, we sample a group of completions from a model and score them. Two questions follow: which completions should gain probability mass, and how should the parameters move to realize that change? Standard policy-gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jean Kaddour

We design and analyze minimax-optimal algorithms for online linear optimization games where the player's choice is unconstrained. The player strives to minimize regret, the difference between his loss and the loss of a post-hoc benchmark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-02-12 H. Brendan McMahan

Experience replay enables reinforcement learning agents to memorize and reuse past experiences, just as humans replay memories for the situation at hand. Contemporary off-policy algorithms either replay past experiences uniformly or utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Kaixiong Zhou , Xia Hu