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Related papers: Targeted Function Balancing

200 papers

A treatment benefit predictor (TBP) is a function that maps patient characteristics to an estimate of the treatment benefit for that patient. Such predictors support optimizing individualized treatment decisions, which are central to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-30 Yuan Xia , Mohsen Sadatsafavi , Paul Gustafson

Estimating the uncertainty of responses from Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a critical challenge. While recent Bayesian methods have demonstrated effectiveness in quantifying uncertainty through low-rank weight updates, they typically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-29 Haizhou Shi , Yibin Wang , Ligong Han , Huan Zhang , Hao Wang

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for causal inference, and justify simple comparisons across treatment groups. Regression adjustment provides a convenient way to incorporate covariate information for additional efficiency. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-25 Anqi Zhao , Peng Ding

We study nonparametric estimation for the partially conditional average treatment effect, defined as the treatment effect function over an interested subset of confounders. We propose a hybrid kernel weighting estimator where the weights…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-08 Jiayi Wang , Raymond K. W. Wong , Shu Yang , Kwun Chuen Gary Chan

Task arithmetic provides an efficient, training-free way to edit pre-trained models, yet lacks a fundamental theoretical explanation for its success. The existing concept of ``weight disentanglement" describes the ideal outcome of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Shangge Liu , Yuehan Yin , Lei Wang , Qi Fan , Yinghuan Shi , Wenbin Li , Yang Gao , Dacheng Tao

Tensor regression has attracted significant attention in statistical research. This study tackles the challenge of handling covariates with smooth varying structures. We introduce a novel framework, termed functional tensor regression,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-12 Tongyu Li , Fang Yao , Anru R. Zhang

Multi-task learning (MTL) is a powerful machine learning paradigm designed to leverage shared knowledge across tasks to improve generalization and performance. Previous works have proposed approaches to MTL that can be divided into feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Paolo Bonetti , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

We introduce causal inference reasoning to cross-over trials, with a focus on Thorough QT (TQT) studies. For such trials, we propose different sets of assumptions and consider their impact on the modelling strategy and estimation procedure.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-31 Jeppe Ekstrand Halkjær Madsen , Thomas Scheike , Christian Pipper

Time series are generated in diverse domains such as economic, traffic, health, and energy, where forecasting of future values has numerous important applications. Not surprisingly, many forecasting methods are being proposed. To ensure…

Randomization, as a key technique in clinical trials, can eliminate sources of bias and produce comparable treatment groups. In randomized experiments, the treatment effect is a parameter of general interest. Researchers have explored the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-05 Fuyi Tu , Wei Ma , Hanzhong Liu

Covariate balance is crucial in obtaining unbiased estimates of treatment effects in observational studies. Methods based on inverse probability weights have been widely used to estimate treatment effects with observational data. Machine…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-08 Michele Santacatterina

There are many settings where researchers are interested in estimating average treatment effects and are willing to rely on the unconfoundedness assumption, which requires that the treatment assignment be as good as random conditional on…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-02 Susan Athey , Guido W. Imbens , Stefan Wager

Prediction algorithms that quantify the expected benefit of a given treatment conditional on patient characteristics can critically inform medical decisions. Quantifying the performance of treatment benefit prediction algorithms is an…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-17 Yuan Xia , Paul Gustafson , Mohsen Sadatsafavi

We study targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) of the average treatment effect in a semiparametric regression model whose mean function is indexed by a finite-dimensional parameter, while the additive error distribution is left…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-20 Mijeong Kim

In observational studies, propensity scores are commonly estimated by maxi- mum likelihood but may fail to balance high-dimensional pre-treatment covariates even after specification search. We introduce a general framework that unifies and…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-22 Qingyuan Zhao

In this paper, we study the estimation and inference of change points under a functional linear regression model with changes in the slope function. We present a novel Functional Regression Binary Segmentation (FRBS) algorithm which is…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-02 Shivam Kumar , Haotian Xu , Haeran Cho , Daren Wang

Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) is a flexible machine learning algorithm capable of capturing nonlinearities between an outcome and covariates and interaction among covariates. We extend BART to a semiparametric regression…

Applications · Statistics 2018-06-13 Bret Zeldow , Vincent Lo Re , Jason Roy

Ordering the expected outcomes across a collection of clusters after performing a covariate adjustment commonly arises in many applied settings, such as healthcare provider evaluation. Regression parameters in such covariate adjustment…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-21 Nicholas C. Henderson , Nicholas Hartman

Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard for measuring causal effects. However, they are often not always feasible, and causal treatment effects must be estimated from observational data. Observational studies do not allow robust…

A key to causal inference with observational data is achieving balance in predictive features associated with each treatment type. Recent literature has explored representation learning to achieve this goal. In this work, we discuss the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-25 Serge Assaad , Shuxi Zeng , Chenyang Tao , Shounak Datta , Nikhil Mehta , Ricardo Henao , Fan Li , Lawrence Carin