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Despite the success of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in image synthesis, applying trained GAN models to real image processing remains challenging. Previous methods typically invert a target image back to the latent space either by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Jinjin Gu , Yujun Shen , Bolei Zhou

Deep image compression systems mainly contain four components: encoder, quantizer, entropy model, and decoder. To optimize these four components, a joint rate-distortion framework was proposed, and many deep neural network-based methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-27 Zhisheng Zhong , Hiroaki Akutsu , Kiyoharu Aizawa

In recent years, the task of video prediction-forecasting future video given past video frames-has attracted attention in the research community. In this paper we propose a novel approach to this problem with Vector Quantized Variational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Jacob Walker , Ali Razavi , Aäron van den Oord

Current image compression models often require separate models for each quality level, making them resource-intensive in terms of both training and storage. To address these limitations, we propose an innovative approach that utilizes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Ayman A. Ameen , Thomas Richter , André Kaup

Recent advances in learning-based image compression typically come at the cost of high complexity. Designing computationally efficient architectures remains an open challenge. In this paper, we empirically investigate the impact of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Yichi Zhang , Zhihao Duan , Fengqing Zhu

High-performance learned image compression codecs require flexible probability models to fit latent representations. Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) were proposed to satisfy this demand, but suffer from a significant runtime performance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Shimon Murai , Fangzheng Lin , Jiro Katto

We propose a Gaussian mixture model for background subtraction in infrared imagery. Following a Bayesian approach, our method automatically estimates the number of Gaussian components as well as their parameters, while simultaneously it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-30 Konstantinos Makantasis , Anastasios Doulamis , Nikolaos Doulamis

As generative models become increasingly capable of producing high-fidelity visual content, the demand for efficient, interpretable, and editable image representations has grown substantially. Recent advances in 2D Gaussian Splatting (2DGS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hao Wang , Ashish Bastola , Chaoyi Zhou , Wenhui Zhu , Xiwen Chen , Xuanzhao Dong , Siyu Huang , Abolfazl Razi

Diffusion models can generate a variety of high-quality images by modeling complex data distributions. Trained diffusion models can also be very effective image priors for solving inverse problems. Most of the existing diffusion-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-01 Nebiyou Yismaw , Ulugbek S. Kamilov , M. Salman Asif

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been shown to produce realistically looking synthetic images with remarkable success, yet their performance seems less impressive when the training set is highly diverse. In order to provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Matan Ben-Yosef , Daphna Weinshall

In this paper, we propose to enhance learned image compression systems with a richer probability model for the latent variables. Previous works model the latents with a Gaussian or a Laplace distribution. Inspired by binary arithmetic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-24 Théo Ladune , Pierrick Philippe , Wassim Hamidouche , Lu Zhang , Olivier Deforges

As a widely recognized approach to deep generative modeling, Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) still face challenges with the quality of generated images, often presenting noticeable blurriness. This issue stems from the unrealistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Georgios Batzolis , Jan Stanczuk , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Video variational autoencoders (VAEs) used in latent diffusion models typically require a sufficiently large number of latent channels to ensure high-quality video reconstruction. However, recent studies have revealed that an excessive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiarui Guan , Wenshuai Zhao , Zhengtao Zou , Juho Kannala , Arno Solin

This paper outlines an end-to-end optimized lossy image compression framework using diffusion generative models. The approach relies on the transform coding paradigm, where an image is mapped into a latent space for entropy coding and, from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-03 Ruihan Yang , Stephan Mandt

We introduce MHVAE, a deep hierarchical variational auto-encoder (VAE) that synthesizes missing images from various modalities. Extending multi-modal VAEs with a hierarchical latent structure, we introduce a probabilistic formulation for…

Living organisms rely on internal models of the world to act adaptively. These models, because of resource limitations, cannot encode every detail and hence need to compress information. From a cognitive standpoint, information compression…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-18 Leo D'Amato , Gian Luca Lancia , Giovanni Pezzulo

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) represent the given data in a low-dimensional latent space, which is generally assumed to be Euclidean. This assumption naturally leads to the common choice of a standard Gaussian prior over continuous latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Dimitris Kalatzis , David Eklund , Georgios Arvanitidis , Søren Hauberg

3D Gaussian splats have emerged as a revolutionary, effective, learned representation for static 3D scenes. In this work, we explore using 2D Gaussian splats as a new primitive for representing videos. We propose GSVC, an approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Longan Wang , Yuang Shi , Wei Tsang Ooi

We study the estimation of the latent variable Gaussian graphical model (LVGGM), where the precision matrix is the superposition of a sparse matrix and a low-rank matrix. In order to speed up the estimation of the sparse plus low-rank…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-01 Pan Xu , Jian Ma , Quanquan Gu

Variational Autoencoders for multimodal data hold promise for many tasks in data analysis, such as representation learning, conditional generation, and imputation. Current architectures either share the encoder output, decoder input, or…

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