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Adversarial training, which minimizes the maximal risk for label-preserving input perturbations, has proved to be effective for improving the generalization of language models. In this work, we propose a novel adversarial training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Chen Zhu , Yu Cheng , Zhe Gan , Siqi Sun , Tom Goldstein , Jingjing Liu

Bias is a disproportionate prejudice in favor of one side against another. Due to the success of transformer-based Masked Language Models (MLMs) and their impact on many NLP tasks, a systematic evaluation of bias in these models is needed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Jeongrok Yu , Seong Ug Kim , Jacob Choi , Jinho D. Choi

In recent years, fairness has become an important topic in the machine learning research community. In particular, counterfactual fairness aims at building prediction models which ensure fairness at the most individual level. Rather than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Vincent Grari , Sylvain Lamprier , Marcin Detyniecki

Existing approaches to mitigate demographic biases evaluate on monolingual data, however, multilingual data has not been examined. In this work, we treat the gender as domains (e.g., male vs. female) and present a standard domain adaptation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Xiaolei Huang

Mitigation of gender bias in NLP has a long history tied to debiasing static word embeddings. More recently, attention has shifted to debiasing pre-trained language models. We study to what extent the simplest projective debiasing methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Hillary Dawkins , Isar Nejadgholi , Daniel Gillis , Judi McCuaig

Natural language generation models reproduce and often amplify the biases present in their training data. Previous research explored using sequence-to-sequence rewriting models to transform biased model outputs (or original texts) into more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Chantal Amrhein , Florian Schottmann , Rico Sennrich , Samuel Läubli

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in text summarization and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. However, these systems often inherit associative and framing biases from pre-training data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Mukur Gupta , Nikhil Reddy Varimalla , Nicholas Deas , Melanie Subbiah , Kathleen McKeown

We introduce a new large-scale NLI benchmark dataset, collected via an iterative, adversarial human-and-model-in-the-loop procedure. We show that training models on this new dataset leads to state-of-the-art performance on a variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Yixin Nie , Adina Williams , Emily Dinan , Mohit Bansal , Jason Weston , Douwe Kiela

This paper proposes an approach for applying GANs to NMT. We build a conditional sequence generative adversarial net which comprises of two adversarial sub models, a generator and a discriminator. The generator aims to generate sentences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Zhen Yang , Wei Chen , Feng Wang , Bo Xu

Trained classification models can unintentionally lead to biased representations and predictions, which can reinforce societal preconceptions and stereotypes. Existing debiasing methods for classification models, such as adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Aili Shen , Xudong Han , Trevor Cohn , Timothy Baldwin , Lea Frermann

Gender bias is a frequent occurrence in NLP-based applications, especially pronounced in gender-inflected languages. Bias can appear through associations of certain adjectives and animate nouns with the natural gender of referents, but also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Nishtha Jain , Maja Popovic , Declan Groves , Eva Vanmassenhove

Large language models (LLMs) possess strong multilingual capabilities, and combining Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) with translation tasks has shown great potential. However, we observe that this paradigm performs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Tianjiao Li , Mengran Yu , Chenyu Shi , Yanjun Zhao , Xiaojing Liu , Qiang Zhang , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang , Jiayin Wang

Biases in culture, gender, ethnicity, etc. have existed for decades and have affected many areas of human social interaction. These biases have been shown to impact machine learning (ML) models, and for natural language processing (NLP),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Vivek Subramanian

Adversarial training, a method for learning robust deep neural networks, constructs adversarial examples during training. However, recent methods for generating NLP adversarial examples involve combinatorial search and expensive sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Jin Yong Yoo , Yanjun Qi

With the introduction of ChatGPT, OpenAI made large language models (LLM) accessible to users with limited IT expertise. However, users with no background in natural language processing (NLP) might lack a proper understanding of LLMs. Thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Stefanie Urchs , Veronika Thurner , Matthias Aßenmacher , Christian Heumann , Stephanie Thiemichen

The presence of social biases in large language models (LLMs) has become a significant concern in AI research. These biases, often embedded in training data, can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and distort decision-making processes. When…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Amirabbas Afzali , Amirreza Velae , Iman Ahmadi , Mohammad Aliannejadi

Neural machine translation (NMT) models often suffer from gender biases that harm users and society at large. In this work, we explore how bridging the gap between languages for which parallel data is not available affects gender bias in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Lena Cabrera , Jan Niehues

An outtake from the findnings of a master thesis studying gender bias in course evaluations through the lense of machine learning and nlp. We use different methods to examine and explore the data and find differences in what students write…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Sarah Lindau , Linnea Nilsson

Expressing in language is subjective. Everyone has a different style of reading and writing, apparently it all boil downs to the way their mind understands things (in a specific format). Language style transfer is a way to preserve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Ayush Singh , Ritu Palod

Robustness of huge Transformer-based models for natural language processing is an important issue due to their capabilities and wide adoption. One way to understand and improve robustness of these models is an exploration of an adversarial…

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