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Related papers: Inducing Neural Collapse in Imbalanced Learning: D…

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Training of deep neural networks heavily depends on the data distribution. In particular, the networks easily suffer from class imbalance. The trained networks would recognize the frequent classes better than the infrequent classes. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Byungju Kim , Junmo Kim

Deep classifier neural networks enter the terminal phase of training (TPT) when training error reaches zero and tend to exhibit intriguing Neural Collapse (NC) properties. Neural collapse essentially represents a state at which the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Vignesh Kothapalli

Neural Collapse (NC) is a well-known phenomenon of deep neural networks in the terminal phase of training (TPT). It is characterized by the collapse of features and classifier into a symmetrical structure, known as simplex equiangular tight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Peifeng Gao , Qianqian Xu , Yibo Yang , Peisong Wen , Huiyang Shao , Zhiyong Yang , Bernard Ghanem , Qingming Huang

When training deep neural networks for classification tasks, an intriguing empirical phenomenon has been widely observed in the last-layer classifiers and features, where (i) the class means and the last-layer classifiers all collapse to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Jinxin Zhou , Xiao Li , Tianyu Ding , Chong You , Qing Qu , Zhihui Zhu

Loss reweighting is a widely used strategy for long-tailed classification, but existing reweighting strategies often rely on heuristics and rarely define a well-specified target. Inspired by Neural Collapse (NC), the ideal simplex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jinping Wang , Zixin Tong , Zhiwu Xie , Zhiqiang Gao

We study deep neural networks for the multi-label classification (MLab) task through the lens of neural collapse (NC). Previous works have been restricted to the multi-class classification setting and discovered a prevalent NC phenomenon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Pengyu Li , Xiao Li , Yutong Wang , Qing Qu

Continual Learning enables models to learn and adapt to new tasks while retaining prior knowledge. Introducing new tasks, however, can naturally lead to feature entanglement across tasks, limiting the model's capability to distinguish…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Zhongyi Zhou , Yaxin Peng , Pin Yi , Minjie Zhu , Chaomin Shen

Recent years have witnessed the huge success of deep neural networks (DNNs) in various tasks of computer vision and text processing. Interestingly, these DNNs with massive number of parameters share similar structural properties on their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-26 Wanli Hong , Shuyang Ling

Training deep neural networks for classification often includes minimizing the training loss beyond the zero training error point. In this phase of training, a "neural collapse" behavior has been observed: the variability of features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Tom Tirer , Haoxiang Huang , Jonathan Niles-Weed

Neural Collapse is a phenomenon that helps identify sparse and low rank structures in deep classifiers. Recent work has extended the definition of neural collapse to regression problems, albeit only measuring the phenomenon at the last…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Akshay Rangamani , Altay Unal

Deep neural networks (DNNs) at convergence consistently represent the training data in the last layer via a highly symmetric geometric structure referred to as neural collapse. This empirical evidence has spurred a line of theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Arthur Jacot , Peter Súkeník , Zihan Wang , Marco Mondelli

Neural Collapse (NC) gives a precise description of the representations of classes in the final hidden layer of classification neural networks. This description provides insights into how these networks learn features and generalize well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Liam Parker , Emre Onal , Anton Stengel , Jake Intrater

The modern strategy for training deep neural networks for classification tasks includes optimizing the network's weights even after the training error vanishes to further push the training loss toward zero. Recently, a phenomenon termed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Tom Tirer , Joan Bruna

Few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL) has been a challenging problem as only a few training samples are accessible for each novel class in the new sessions. Finetuning the backbone or adjusting the classifier prototypes trained in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Yibo Yang , Haobo Yuan , Xiangtai Li , Zhouchen Lin , Philip Torr , Dacheng Tao

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become increasingly popular for classification tasks on graph-structured data. Yet, the interplay between graph topology and feature evolution in GNNs is not well understood. In this paper, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Vignesh Kothapalli , Tom Tirer , Joan Bruna

Neural collapse provides an elegant mathematical characterization of learned last layer representations (a.k.a. features) and classifier weights in deep classification models. Such results not only provide insights but also motivate new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Jiachen Jiang , Jinxin Zhou , Peng Wang , Qing Qu , Dustin Mixon , Chong You , Zhihui Zhu

Neural collapse, a newly identified characteristic, describes a property of solutions during model training. In this paper, we explore neural collapse in the context of imbalanced data. We consider the $L$-extended unconstrained feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Haixia Liu

Class imbalance induces systematic bias in deep neural networks by imposing a skewed effective class prior. This work introduces the Neural Prior Estimator (NPE), a framework that learns feature-conditioned log-prior estimates from latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Masoud Yavari , Payman Moallem

Recent advances in theoretical Deep Learning have introduced geometric properties that occur during training, past the Interpolation Threshold -- where the training error reaches zero. We inquire into the phenomena coined Neural Collapse in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Ido Ben-Shaul , Shai Dekel

Incremental learning often encounter challenges such as overfitting to new data and catastrophic forgetting of old data. Existing methods can effectively extend the model for new tasks while freezing the parameters of the old model, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Chuangxin Zhang , Guangfeng Lin , Enhui Zhao , Kaiyang Liao , Yajun Chen