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This note offers a probabilistic proof of Girard's angle excess formula for the area of a spherical triangle, based on the observation that an unbounded 3-dimensional convex cone, with single vertex at the origin, has only three kinds of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-09-11 Daniel A. Klain

Given $I,B\in\mathbb{N}\cup \{0\}$, we investigate the existence and geometry of complete finitely branched minimal surfaces $M$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with Morse index at most $I$ and total branching order at most $B$. Previous works of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-11-09 William H. Meeks , Joaquin Perez

We investigate static metrics on simple manifolds with compact boundary and establish an Obata-type rigidity theorem. We identify new sufficient geometric conditions under which the combined curvature map $g\mapsto (R_g, H_g)$ is a local…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Hongyi Sheng , Kai-Wei Zhao

Nontrivial infinitesimal bendings for a class of two-dimensional surfaces are constructed. The surfaces considered here are orientable; compact; with boundary; have positive curvature everywhere except at finitely many planar points; and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2009-10-06 Abdelhamid Meziani

We introduce the notion of approximate numerical radius (Birkhoff) orthogonality and investigate its significant properties. Let $T, S\in \mathbb{B}(\mathscr{H})$ and $\varepsilon \in [0, 1)$. We say that $T$ is approximate numerical radius…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-12 Maryam Amyari , Marzieh Moradian Khibary

We consider $n$-folding triangular curves, or $n$-folding t-curves, obtained by folding $n$ times a strip of paper in $3$, each time possibly left then right or right then left, and unfolding it with $\pi /3$ angles. An example is the well…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Francis Oger

We study the global topological structure and smoothness of the boundaries of $\varepsilon$-neighbourhoods $E_\varepsilon = \{x \in \mathbb{R}^2 \, : \, \textrm{dist}(x, E) \leq \varepsilon \}$ of planar sets $E \subset \mathbb{R}^2$. We…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Jeroen S. W. Lamb , Martin Rasmussen , Kalle Timperi

We prove a version of the strong half-space theorem between the classes of recurrent minimal surfaces and complete minimal surfaces with bounded curvature of $\mathbb{R}^{3}_{\raisepunct{.}}$ We also show that any minimal hypersurface…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-04-06 G. Pacelli Bessa , Luquesio P. Jorge , Leandro Pessoa

We prove an incidence theorem for points and curves in the complex plane. Given a set of $m$ points in ${\mathbb R}^2$ and a set of $n$ curves with $k$ degrees of freedom, Pach and Sharir proved that the number of point-curve incidences is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-18 Adam Sheffer , Endre Szabó , Joshua Zahl

For several embedded surfaces with zero self-intersection number in 4-manifolds, we show that an adjunction-type genus bound holds for at least one of the surfaces under certain conditions. For example, we derive certain adjunction…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-04-14 Hokuto Konno

Given a piecewise smooth submanifold $\Gamma^{n-1} \subset \R^m$ and $p \in \R^m$, we define the {\em vision angle} $\Pi_p(\Gamma)$ to be the $(n-1)$-dimensional volume of the radial projection of $\Gamma$ to the unit sphere centered at…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-08 Jaigyoung Choe , Robert Gulliver

We consider a free boundary problem for the Willmore functional. Given a smooth domain $\Omega$ in ${\mathbb R}^3$, we construct Willmore disks wich are critical in the class of surfaces meeting $\partial \Omega$ orthogonally along their…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-08-29 Roberta Alessandroni , Ernst Kuwert

Large deformations of thin elastic plates and shells present a formidable problem in continuum mechanics which is generally intractable except by numerical methods. Conventional approaches break down in the limit of small plate thickness…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-31 Alexander E. Lobkovsky

Let $(\Sigma,p)$ be a pointed Riemann surface of genus $g\geq 1$. For any integer $k\geq 1$, we parametrize the space of meromorphic quadratic differentials on $\Sigma$ with a pole of order $(k+2)$ at $p$, having a connected critical graph…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Subhojoy Gupta , Michael Wolf

We prove a general fusion theorem for complete orientable minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with finite total curvature. As a consequence, complete orientable minimal surfaces of weak finite total curvature with exotic geometry are…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2010-04-16 Francisco J. Lopez

We survey - by means of 20 examples - the concept of varifold, as generalised submanifold, with emphasis on regularity of integral varifolds with mean curvature, while keeping prerequisites to a minimum. Integral varifolds are the natural…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-10-23 Ulrich Menne

Given two Riemann surfaces with boundary and a homotopy class of topological embeddings between them, there is a conformal embedding in the homotopy class if and only if the extremal length of every simple multi-curve is decreased under the…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Jeremy Kahn , Kevin M. Pilgrim , Dylan P. Thurston

A surface M is called p-minimal if one of the coordinate functions is p-harmonic in the inner metric. We show that in the twodimensional case the Gaussian map of such surfaces is quasiconformal. In the case when the surface is a tube we…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-04-20 Vladimir G. Tkachev

We show that a Laplace isospectral family of two dimensional Riemannian orbifolds, sharing a lower bound on sectional curvature, contains orbifolds of only a finite number of orbifold category diffeomorphism types. We also show that…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-01-23 Emily Proctor , Elizabeth Stanhope

Orthogonal polynomials with respect to a weight function defined on a wedge in the plane are studied. A basis of orthogonal polynomials is explicitly constructed for two large class of weight functions and the convergence of Fourier…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-07-06 Sheehan Olver , Yuan Xu