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Kingman's House-of-Cards model is a simple and celebrated model to describe the evolution of population under the competition of selection and mutation. Letting mutation probabilities vary on generations makes the model more realistic and…
Kingman's model describes the evolution of a one-locus haploid population of infinite size and discrete generations under the competition of selection and mutation. A random generalisation has been made in a previous paper which assumes all…
For a one-locus haploid infinite population with discrete generations, the celebrated Kingman's model describes the evolution of fitness distributions under the competition of selection and mutation, with a constant mutation probability.…
Large Transformer models routinely achieve state-of-the-art results on a number of tasks but training these models can be prohibitively costly, especially on long sequences. We introduce two techniques to improve the efficiency of…
We consider a stochastic model, called the replicator coalescent, describing a system of blocks of $k$ different types which undergo pairwise mergers at rates depending on the block types: with rate $C_{i,j}$ blocks of type $i$ and $j$…
A random $n$-permutation may be generated by sequentially removing random cards $C_1,...,C_n$ from an $n$-card deck $D = \{1,...,n\}$. The permutation $\sigma$ is simply the sequence of cards in the order they are removed. This permutation…
Evolutionary game theory combines game theory and dynamical systems and is customarily adopted to describe evolutionary dynamics in multi-agent systems. In particular, it has been proven to be a successful tool to describe multi-agent…
The replicator-mutator equation is a model for populations of individuals carrying different traits, with a fitness function mediating their ability to replicate, and a stochastic model for mutation. We derive analytical solutions for the…
Selection in a time-periodic environment is modeled via the two-player replicator dynamics. For sufficiently fast environmental changes, this is reduced to a multi-player replicator dynamics in a constant environment. The two-player terms…
While attention has been empirically shown to improve model performance, it lacks a rigorous mathematical justification. This short paper establishes a novel connection between attention mechanisms and multinomial regression. Specifically,…
We consider homogenization for weakly coupled systems of Hamilton--Jacobi equations with fast switching rates. The fast switching rate terms force the solutions converge to the same limit, which is a solution of the effective equation. We…
Transformers achieve remarkable performance in several tasks but due to their quadratic complexity, with respect to the input's length, they are prohibitively slow for very long sequences. To address this limitation, we express the…
In high dimensions, reflective Hamiltonian Monte Carlo with inexact reflections exhibits slow mixing when the particle ensemble is initialised from a Dirac delta distribution and the uniform distribution is targeted. By quantifying the…
This paper introduces a general class of Replicator-Mutator equations on a multi-dimensional fitness space. We establish a novel probabilistic representation of weak solutions of the equation by using the theory of Fockker-Planck-Kolmogorov…
We characterise when a simple Happel-Reiten-Smalo tilt of a length heart is again a length heart in terms of approximation theory and the existence of a stability condition with a phase gap. We apply simple-minded reduction to provide a…
We analyse the properties of a very simple ``balls-in-boxes'' model which can exhibit a phase transition between a fluid and a condensed phase, similar to behaviour encountered in models of random geometries in one, two and four dimensions.…
We propose a simple model of network co-evolution in a game-dynamical system of interacting agents that play repeated games with their neighbors, and adapt their behaviors and network links based on the outcome of those games. The…
We propose a model of card shuffling where a pack of cards, spread as points on a square table, are repeatedly gathered locally at random spots and then spread towards a random direction. A shuffling of the cards is then obtained by…
We analyze a replicator-mutator model arising in the context of directed evolution [23], where the selection term is modulated over time by the mean-fitness. We combine a Cumulant Generating Function approach [13] and a spatio-temporal…
We present a Monte Carlo study of the Backgammon model, at zero temperature, in which a departure box is chosen at random with a probability proportional to $(2\omega - 1)k + (1 - \omega)N$, where $k$ is the number of particles in the…