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Large language models (LLMs) have great potential to enhance productivity in many disciplines, such as software engineering. However, it is unclear to what extent they can assist in the design process of electronic circuits. This paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Simon Nau , Jan Krummenauer , André Zimmermann

For downlink transmission in massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems, conventional precoding research heavily focuses on reducing the computational complexity of precoding matrix design, while largely overlooking…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Shuai Gao , Fan Xu , Mian Li , Xinzhi Ning , Lei Qiu , Ye Yang , Qingjiang Shi

Neural Quantum States (NQS) are now among the most accurate methods for studying strongly correlated many-fermion systems, outperforming existing many-body approaches for large systems. However, NQS calculations remain extremely…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-29 Yuntian Gu , Zeyao Han , Wenrui Li , Zhiyu Xiao , Tao Xiang , Mingpu Qin , Liwei Wang , Dingshun Lv

This paper presents a low-cost network architecture for training large language models (LLMs) at hyperscale. We study the optimal parallelization strategy of LLMs and propose a novel datacenter network design tailored to LLM's unique…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Weiyang Wang , Manya Ghobadi , Kayvon Shakeri , Ying Zhang , Naader Hasani

In this article, we present a novel approach for block-structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) that is suitable for extreme-scale parallelism. All data structures are designed such that the size of the meta data in each distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Florian Schornbaum , Ulrich Rüde

Training Large Language Models(LLMs) is one of the most compute-intensive tasks in high-performance computing. Predicting end-to-end training time for multi-billion parameter models distributed across hundreds of GPUs remains challenging…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Biyao Zhang , Mingkai Zheng , Debargha Ganguly , Xuecen Zhang , Vikash Singh , Vipin Chaudhary , Zhao Zhang

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become the standard for adapting large language models (LLMs). In this work we challenge the wide-spread assumption that parameter efficiency equates memory efficiency and on-device adaptability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Irene Tenison , Stella Ahn , Miriam Kim , Ebtisam Alshehri , Lalana Kagal

With the down-scaling of CMOS technology, the design complexity of very large-scale integrated (VLSI) is increasing. Although the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in electronic design automation (EDA) can trace its history…

Partitioning a graph into blocks of roughly equal weight while cutting only few edges is a fundamental problem in computer science with numerous practical applications. While shared-memory parallel partitioners have recently matured to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Peter Sanders , Daniel Seemaier

Perovskite photovoltaics (PV) have achieved rapid development in the past decade in terms of power conversion efficiency of small-area lab-scale devices; however, successful commercialization still requires further development of low-cost,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Zhe Liu , Nicholas Rolston , Austin C. Flick , Thomas W. Colburn , Zekun Ren , Reinhold H. Dauskardt , Tonio Buonassisi

Although symbol-level precoding (SLP) based on constructive interference (CI) exploitation offers performance gains, its high complexity remains a bottleneck. This paper addresses this challenge with an end-to-end deep learning (DL)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-03 Jinshuo Zhang , Yafei Wang , Xinping Yi , Wenjin Wang , Shi Jin , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

By exploiting the correlation between the structure and the solution of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), Machine Learning (ML) has become a promising method for solving large-scale MILP problems. Existing ML-based MILP solvers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yixuan Li , Can Chen , Jiajun Li , Jiahui Duan , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Vincent Chau , Weiwei Wu , Wanyuan Wang

Approximate multipliers are widely being advocated for energy-efficient computing in applications that exhibit an inherent tolerance to inaccuracy. However, the inclusion of accuracy as a key design parameter, besides the performance, area…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Mahmoud Masadeh , Osman Hasan , Sofiene Tahar

Large pre-trained models (LPMs), such as large language models, have become ubiquitous and are employed in many applications. These models are often adapted to a desired domain or downstream task through a fine-tuning stage. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Juan Pablo Muñoz , Jinjie Yuan , Nilesh Jain

Real-time AI experiences call for on-device large language models (OD-LLMs) optimized for efficient deployment on resource-constrained hardware. The most useful OD-LLMs produce near-real-time responses and exhibit broad hardware…

The architecture of a coarse-grained reconfigurable array (CGRA) processing element (PE) has a significant effect on the performance and energy efficiency of an application running on the CGRA. This paper presents an automated approach for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Jackson Melchert , Kathleen Feng , Caleb Donovick , Ross Daly , Clark Barrett , Mark Horowitz , Pat Hanrahan , Priyanka Raina

The rapid expansion of Large Language Models (LLMs) has posed significant challenges regarding the computational resources required for fine-tuning and deployment. Recent advancements in low-rank adapters have demonstrated their efficacy in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 J. Pablo Muñoz , Jinjie Yuan , Nilesh Jain

Multi-die FPGAs are crucial components in modern computing systems, particularly for high-performance applications such as artificial intelligence and data centers. Super long lines (SLLs) provide interconnections between super logic…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Zhixiong Di , Runzhe Tao , Jing Mai , Lin Chen , Yibo Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful foundation for intelligent reasoning and decision-making, demonstrating substantial impact across a wide range of domains and applications. However, their massive parameter scales and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Mingyu Sun , Xiao Zhang , Shen Qu , Yan Li , Mengbai Xiao , Yuan Yuan , Dongxiao Yu

Parameterized max-affine (PMA) and parameterized log-sum-exp (PLSE) networks are proposed for general decision-making problems. The proposed approximators generalize existing convex approximators, namely, max-affine (MA) and log-sum-exp…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Jinrae Kim , Youdan Kim