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While score-based generative models (SGMs) have achieved remarkable success in enormous image generation tasks, their mathematical foundations are still limited. In this paper, we analyze the approximation and generalization of SGMs in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-26 Frank Cole , Yulong Lu

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have revolutionized the field of generative modeling, achieving unprecedented success in generating realistic and diverse content. Despite empirical advances, the theoretical basis for why optimizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Gen Li , Yuling Yan

Score-based generative models (SGMs) need to approximate the scores $\nabla \log p_t$ of the intermediate distributions as well as the final distribution $p_T$ of the forward process. The theoretical underpinnings of the effects of these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-18 Jakiw Pidstrigach

How do score-based generative models (SBMs) learn the data distribution supported on a low-dimensional manifold? We investigate the score model of a trained SBM through its linear approximations and subspaces spanned by local feature…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-17 Li Kevin Wenliang , Ben Moran

Controllable molecular graph generation is essential for material and drug discovery, where generated molecules must satisfy diverse property constraints. While recent advances in graph diffusion models have improved generation quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Anjie Qiao , Zhen Wang , Chuan Chen , DeFu Lian , Enhong Chen

Score-based diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models, widely utilized across diverse domains. Despite significant advancements in large-scale tasks such as text-to-image generation, their application to constrained domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Saeid Naderiparizi , Xiaoxuan Liang , Setareh Cohan , Berend Zwartsenberg , Frank Wood

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as one of the most promising frameworks for deep generative modelling. In this work we conduct a systematic comparison and theoretical analysis of different approaches to learning conditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Georgios Batzolis , Jan Stanczuk , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Christian Etmann

Score-based diffusion generative models have recently emerged as a powerful tool for modelling complex data distributions. These models aim at learning the score function, which defines a map from a known probability distribution to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-12 Ehsan Mirafzali , Frank Proske , Utkarsh Gupta , Daniele Venturi , Razvan Marinescu

The proposed BSDE-based diffusion model represents a novel approach to diffusion modeling, which extends the application of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) in machine learning. Unlike traditional SDE-based diffusion models, our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Zihao Wang

We introduce a new representation for 3D molecules based on their continuous atomic density fields. Using this representation, we propose a new model based on walk-jump sampling for unconditional 3D molecule generation in the continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Matthieu Kirchmeyer , Pedro O. Pinheiro , Saeed Saremi

The tremendous success of generative models in recent years raises the question whether they can also be used to perform classification. Generative models have been used as adversarially robust classifiers on simple datasets such as MNIST,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-14 Roland S. Zimmermann , Lukas Schott , Yang Song , Benjamin A. Dunn , David A. Klindt

We propose a framework to perform Bayesian inference using conditional score-based diffusion models to solve a class of inverse problems in mechanics involving the inference of a specimen's spatially varying material properties from noisy…

Coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics enables the study of biological processes at temporal and spatial scales that would be intractable at an atomistic resolution. However, accurately learning a CG force field remains a challenge. In this…

In this work, we look at Score-based generative models (also called diffusion generative models) from a geometric perspective. From a new view point, we prove that both the forward and backward process of adding noise and generating from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Sandesh Ghimire , Jinyang Liu , Armand Comas , Davin Hill , Aria Masoomi , Octavia Camps , Jennifer Dy

Generative models are becoming a tool of choice for exploring the molecular space. These models learn on a large training dataset and produce novel molecular structures with similar properties. Generated structures can be utilized for…

Synthetic data generation is increasingly used in machine learning for training and data augmentation. Yet, current strategies often rely on external foundation models or datasets, whose usage is restricted in many scenarios due to policy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Parsa Rahimi , Sebastien Marcel

We present SURE-Score: an approach for learning score-based generative models using training samples corrupted by additive Gaussian noise. When a large training set of clean samples is available, solving inverse problems via score-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Asad Aali , Marius Arvinte , Sidharth Kumar , Jonathan I. Tamir

Geometric representation-conditioned molecule generation provides an effective paradigm that decouples molecule representation modeling from structure generation. By decoupling molecule generation into two stages-first generating a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shaoheng Yan , Zian Li , Cai Zhou , Qiaojing Huang , Kai Liu , Muhan Zhang

Idempotent generative networks (IGNs) are a new line of generative models based on idempotent mapping to a target manifold. IGNs support both single-and multi-step generation, allowing for a flexible trade-off between computational cost and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Shehtab Zaman , Chengyan Liu , Kenneth Chiu

Score-based generative models (SGMs) are powerful tools to sample from complex data distributions. Their underlying idea is to (i) run a forward process for time $T_1$ by adding noise to the data, (ii) estimate its score function, and (iii)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Francesco Pedrotti , Jan Maas , Marco Mondelli