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Background: Estimations of causal effects from observational data are subject to various sources of bias. One method of adjusting for the residual biases in the estimation of a treatment effect is through negative control outcomes, where…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-29 Hon Hwang , Juan C Quiroz , Blanca Gallego

Measurement error arises through a variety of mechanisms. A rich literature exists on the bias introduced by covariate measurement error and on methods of analysis to address this bias. By comparison, less attention has been given to errors…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-27 Pamela Shaw , Jiwei He , Bryan Shepherd

During the last two decades, in statistical process monitoring plentiful new methods appeared with synthetic-type control charts being a prominent constituent. These charts became popular designs for several reasons. The two most important…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-07 Sven Knoth

Measurement error can often be harmful when estimating causal effects. Two scenarios in which this is the case are in the estimation of (a) the average treatment effect when confounders are measured with error and (b) the natural indirect…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-04 Caleb H. Miles , Linda Valeri , Brent Coull

To use control charts in practice, the in-control state usually has to be estimated. This estimation has a detrimental effect on the performance of control charts, which is often measured for example by the false alarm probability or the…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-07-30 Axel Gandy , Jan Terje Kvaløy

This paper presents a clustering approach that allows for rigorous statistical error control similar to a statistical test. We develop estimators for both the unknown number of clusters and the clusters themselves. The estimators depend on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-13 Michael Vogt , Matthias Schmid

Processes are a crucial artefact in organizations, since they coordinate the execution of activities so that products and services are provided. The use of models to analyse the underlying processes is a well-known practice. However, due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Thomas Chatain , Mathilde Boltenhagen , Josep Carmona

Product metrics, such as size or complexity, are often used to identify defect-prone parts or to focus quality assurance activities. In contrast, quality information that is available early, such as information provided by inspections, is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-12-04 Frank Elberzhager , Stephan Kremer , Jürgen Münch , Danilo Assmann

Class-level evaluation can conceal substantial performance disparities across subconcepts within the same class, causing models that perform well on average to fail on specific subpopulations. Prior work has shown that common evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Taylor Maxson , Roberto Corizzo , Yaning Wu , Nathalie Japkowicz , Colin Bellinger

A multivariate dispersion control chart monitors changes in the process variability of multiple correlated quality characteristics. In this article, we investigate and compare the performance of charts designed to monitor variability based…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-20 Jimoh Olawale Ajadi , Inez Maria Zwetsloot

Adjusted similarity measures, such as Cohen's kappa for inter-rater reliability and the adjusted Rand index used to compare clustering algorithms, are a vital tool for comparing discrete labellings. These measures are intended to have the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-16 William L. Lippitt , Edward J. Bedrick , Nichole E. Carlson

Woodall and Montgomery [35] in a discussion paper, state that multivariate process control is one of the most rapidly developing sections of statistical process control. Nowadays, in industry, there are many situations in which the…

Applications · Statistics 2009-01-20 S. Bersimis , J. Panaretos , S. Psarakis

During the recent years there was an increased interest in studying the performance of different types of control charts, under various distributional models for continuous proportions, such as percentages and rates. In this work we…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-05 Athanasios C. Rakitzis

Multi-parameter one-sided hypothesis test problems arise naturally in many applications. We are particularly interested in effective tests for monitoring multiple quality indices in forestry products. Our search reveals that there are many…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-16 Guangyu Zhu , Jiahua Chen

Control charts, one of the main tools in Statistical Process Control (SPC), have been widely adopted in manufacturing sectors as an effective strategy for malfunction detection throughout the previous decades. Measurement errors (M.E's) are…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2022-02-14 Muhammad Imran , Jinsheng Sun , Fatima Sehar Zaidi , Zameer Abbas , Hafiz Zafar Nazir

The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) control charts have been used in profile monitoring to track drift shifts that occur in a monitored process. We construct Bayesian EWMA and Bayesian CUSUM charts…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-21 Chelsea Mitchell , Abdel-Salam Abdel-Salam , D'Arcy Mays

A multivariate control chart is designed to monitor process parameters of multiple correlated quality characteristics. Often data on multivariate processes are collected as individual observations, i.e. as vectors one at the time. Various…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-23 Jimoh Olawale Ajadi , Zezhong Wang , Inez Maria Zwetsloot

Ideally, a meta-analysis will summarize data from several unbiased studies. Here we consider the less than ideal situation in which contributing studies may be compromised by measurement error. Measurement error affects every study design,…

The goal of a well-controlled study is to remove unwanted variation when estimating the causal effect of the intervention of interest. Experiments conducted in the basic sciences frequently achieve this goal using experimental controls,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-22 Kristen B. Hunter , Kristen Koenig , Marie-Abèle Bind

In many modern industrial scenarios, the measurements of the quality characteristics of interest are often required to be represented as functional data or profiles. This motivates the growing interest in extending traditional univariate…