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For a graph G and an integer t we let mcc_t(G) be the smallest m such that there exists a coloring of the vertices of G by t colors with no monochromatic connected subgraph having more than m vertices. Let F be any nontrivial minor-closed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. Linial , J. Matousek , O. Sheffet , G. Tardos

Let $G$ be a $k$ - connected ($k \geq 2$) graph of order $n$. If $\chi(G) \geq n - k$, then $G$ is Hamiltonian or $K_k \vee (K_k^c \cup K_{n - 2k})$ with $n \geq 2 k + 1$, where $\chi(G)$ is the chromatic number of the graph $G$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Rao Li

Here we prove that a graph without some three induced subgraphs has chromatic number at the most equal to its maximum clique size plus one. Further we show that the bounds are tight and give examples to show that each of the three forbidden…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-29 Medha Dhurandhar

Let $\beta$ be the functor from Set to CHaus which maps each discrete set X to its Stone-Cech compactification, the set $\beta$ X of ultrafilters on X. Every graph G with vertex set V naturally gives rise to a graph $\beta G$ on the set…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-20 Felix Dilke

We consider cell colorings of drawings of graphs in the plane. Given a multi-graph $G$ together with a drawing $\Gamma(G)$ in the plane with only finitely many crossings, we define a cell $k$-coloring of $\Gamma(G)$ to be a coloring of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Christoph Hertrich , Felix Schröder , Raphael Steiner

A total labeling of a graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local total antimagic if it is a bijection $f: V\cup E \to\{1,\ldots ,|V|+|E|\}$ such that adjacent vertices, adjacent edges, and incident vertex and edge have distinct induced weights…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-02 G. C. Lau

There are many concepts of signed graph coloring which are defined by assigning colors to the vertices of the graphs. These concepts usually differ in the number of self-inverse colors used. We introduce a unifying concept for this kind of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-07 Chiara Cappello , Eckhard Steffen

For graph $G$ and integers $a_1 \ge \cdots \ge a_r \ge 2$, we write $G \rightarrow (a_1 ,\cdots ,a_r)^v$ if and only if for every $r$-coloring of the vertex set $V(G)$ there exists a monochromatic $K_{a_i}$ in $G$ for some color $i \in \{1,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-28 Xiaodong Xu , Meilian Liang , Stanisław Radziszowski

For a graph $G$, let $\chi(G)$ ($\omega(G)$) denote its chromatic (clique) number. A $P_2+P_3$ is the graph obtained by taking the disjoint union of a two-vertex path $P_2$ and a three-vertex path $P_3$. A $\bar{P_2+P_3}$ is the complement…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-19 Arnab Char , T. Karthick

For any countably infinite graph $G$, Ramsey's theorem guarantees an infinite monochromatic copy of $G$ in any $r$-coloring of the edges of the countably infinite complete graph $K_\mathbb{N}$. Taking this a step further, it is natural to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-16 Louis DeBiasio , Paul McKenney

We present results on partitioning the vertices of $2$-edge-colored graphs into monochromatic paths and cycles. We prove asymptotically the two-color case of a conjecture of S\'ark\"ozy: the vertex set of every $2$-edge-colored graph can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-21 Jozsef Balogh , Janos Barat , Daniel Gerbner , Andras Gyarfas , GAbor N. Sarkozy

A proper conflict-free coloring of a graph is a proper vertex coloring wherein each non-isolated vertex's open neighborhood contains at least one color appearing exactly once. For a non-negative integer $k$, a graph $G$ is said to be proper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Yuting Wang , Xin Zhang

Given a graph $G=(V,E)$ whose vertices have been properly coloured, we say that a path in $G$ is "colourful" if no two vertices in the path have the same colour. It is a corollary of the Gallai-Roy-Vitaver Theorem that every properly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-21 Jasine Babu , Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran , Mathew C. Francis

Given a graph $G$, a colouring of $G$ is \emph{acyclic} if it is a proper colouring of $G$ and every cycle contains at least three colours. Its acyclic chromatic number $\chi_a(G)$ is the minimum~$k$ such that an acyclic $k$-colouring of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Quentin Chuet , Johanne Cohen , François Pirot

It is consistent that ZF+DC holds, the hypergraph of rectangles on a given Euclidean space has countable chromatic number, while the hypergraph of equilateral triangles in two-dimensional Euclidean space does not.

Logic · Mathematics 2022-04-14 Jindrich Zapletal

Extending a recent breakthrough of Shitov, we prove that the chromatic number of the tensor product of two graphs can be a constant factor smaller than the minimum chromatic number of the two graphs. More precisely, we prove that there…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-17 Xiaoyu He , Yuval Wigderson

A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-choosable if, for any given $k$-uniform list assignment $L$, $G$ is $L$-colorable and each color appears on at most $\lceil\frac{|V(G)|}{k}\rceil$ vertices. A graph is equitably $k$-colorable if the vertex set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Aijun Dong , Jianliang Wu

The packing chromatic number $\chi_{\rho}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $c$ such that the vertex set $V(G)$ can be partitioned into sets $X_1, . . . , X_c$, with the condition that vertices in $X_i$ have pairwise distance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Danilo Korze , Aleksander Vesel

An $acyclic$ edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycle s. The \emph{acyclic chromatic index} of a graph is the minimum number k such that there is an acyclic e dge coloring using k colors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-14 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran

A domination coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper vertex coloring of $G$ such that each vertex of $G$ dominates at least one color class, and each color class is dominated by at least one vertex. The minimum number of colors among all…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Yangyang Zhou , Dongyang Zhao