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In this paper, we introduce a low-cost and low-power tiny supervised on-device learning (ODL) core that can address the distributional shift of input data for human activity recognition. Although ODL for resource-limited edge devices has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Hiroki Matsutani , Radu Marculescu

Monocular depth estimation (MDE) plays a crucial role in enabling spatially-aware applications in Ultra-low-power (ULP) Internet-of-Things (IoT) platforms. However, the limited number of parameters of Deep Neural Networks for the MDE task,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Davide Nadalini , Manuele Rusci , Elia Cereda , Luca Benini , Francesco Conti , Daniele Palossi

The recent breakthroughs in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have catalyzed the design and development of various intelligent systems over wide application domains. While most existing machine learning models require large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Shuai Zhu , Thiemo Voigt , JeongGil Ko , Fatemeh Rahimian

This literature review explores continual learning methods for on-device training in the context of neural networks (NNs) and decision trees (DTs) for classification tasks on smart environments. We highlight key constraints, such as data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Afonso Lourenço , João Rodrigo , João Gama , Goreti Marreiros

Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) algorithms have seen extensive use in recent years, enabling wearable devices to be not only connected but also genuinely intelligent by running machine learning (ML) computations directly on-device. Among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Massimo Pavan , Claudio Galimberti , Manuel Roveri

Enabling On-Device Learning (ODL) for Ultra-Low-Power Micro-Controller Units (MCUs) is a key step for post-deployment adaptation and fine-tuning of Deep Neural Network (DNN) models in future TinyML applications. This paper tackles this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Davide Nadalini , Manuele Rusci , Luca Benini , Francesco Conti

Semantic segmentation models classify pixels into a set of known (``in-distribution'') visual classes. When deployed in an open world, the reliability of these models depends on their ability not only to classify in-distribution pixels but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Yuyuan Liu , Choubo Ding , Yu Tian , Guansong Pang , Vasileios Belagiannis , Ian Reid , Gustavo Carneiro

Memorization in over-parameterized neural networks could severely hurt generalization in the presence of mislabeled examples. However, mislabeled examples are hard to avoid in extremely large datasets collected with weak supervision. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Jiaming Song , Lunjia Hu , Michael Auli , Yann Dauphin , Tengyu Ma

In this paper, we introduce the Dependent Noise-based Inaccurate Label Distribution Learning (DN-ILDL) framework to tackle the challenges posed by noise in label distribution learning, which arise from dependencies on instances and labels.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zhiqiang Kou , Jing Wang , Yuheng Jia , Xin Geng

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are typically trained by backpropagation in a batch learning setting, which requires the entire training data to be made available prior to the learning task. This is not scalable for many real-world scenarios…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Doyen Sahoo , Quang Pham , Jing Lu , Steven C. H. Hoi

Recent advances in Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) empower low-footprint embedded devices for real-time on-device Machine Learning. While many acknowledge the potential benefits of TinyML, its practical implementation presents unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Haoyu Ren , Xue Li , Darko Anicic , Thomas A. Runkler

Object detection (OD) has become vital for numerous computer vision applications, but deploying it on resource-constrained IoT devices presents a significant challenge. These devices, often powered by energy-efficient microcontrollers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Christophe EL Zeinaty , Wassim Hamidouche , Glenn Herrou , Daniel Menard

The existing continual learning methods are mainly focused on fully-supervised scenarios and are still not able to take advantage of unlabeled data available in the environment. Some recent works tried to investigate semi-supervised…

On-device learning remains a formidable challenge, especially when dealing with resource-constrained devices that have limited computational capabilities. This challenge is primarily rooted in two key issues: first, the memory available on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Lorenzo Vorabbi , Davide Maltoni , Guido Borghi , Stefano Santi

Deep Learning (DL) based methods for object detection achieve remarkable performance at the cost of computationally expensive training and extensive data labeling. Robots embodiment can be exploited to mitigate this burden by acquiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Elisa Maiettini , Andrea Maracani , Raffaello Camoriano , Giulia Pasquale , Vadim Tikhanoff , Lorenzo Rosasco , Lorenzo Natale

In this paper, we consider the problem of predicting unknown targets from data. We propose Online Residual Learning (ORL), a method that combines online adaptation with offline-trained predictions. At a lower level, we employ multiple…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 Anastasios Vlachos , Anastasios Tsiamis , Aren Karapetyan , Efe C. Balta , John Lygeros

On-device training enables the model to adapt to new data collected from the sensors by fine-tuning a pre-trained model. Users can benefit from customized AI models without having to transfer the data to the cloud, protecting the privacy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Ji Lin , Ligeng Zhu , Wei-Ming Chen , Wei-Chen Wang , Chuang Gan , Song Han

Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices are known to be the source of many security problems, and as such they would greatly benefit from automated management. This requires robustly identifying devices so that appropriate network security…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Roman Kolcun , Diana Andreea Popescu , Vadim Safronov , Poonam Yadav , Anna Maria Mandalari , Yiming Xie , Richard Mortier , Hamed Haddadi

The paper describes an online deep learning algorithm (ODL) for adaptive modulation and coding in massive MIMO. The algorithm is based on a fully connected neural network, which is initially trained on the output of the traditional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Evgeny Bobrov , Dmitry Kropotov , Hao Lu , Danila Zaev

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is an attractive topic to perceive human behavior and supplying assistive services. Besides the classical inertial unit and vision-based HAR methods, new sensing technologies, such as ultrasound and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Pixi Kang , Julian Moosmann , Sizhen Bian , Michele Magno
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