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The common feature of nearly all logic and memory devices is that they make use of stable units to represent 0's and 1's. A completely different paradigm is based on three-terminal stochastic units which could be called "p-bits", where the…
Random number generators (RNG) are essential elements in many cryptographic systems. True random number generators (TRNG) rely upon sources of randomness from natural processes such as those arising from quantum mechanics phenomena. We…
Spiking neural network is a kind of neuromorphic computing that is believed to improve the level of intelligence and provide advantages for quantum computing. In this work, we address this issue by designing an optical spiking neural…
The race to heuristically solve non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP) problems through efficient methods is ongoing. Recently, optics was demonstrated as a promising tool to find the ground state of a spin-glass Ising Hamiltonian, which…
Parallel p-bit Ising machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient combinatorial optimization, but their scalability depends on update synchronization, hardware delay, and architectural cost. In this work, we establish a…
In this work, we present a heretofore unseen application of Ising machines to perform trust region-based optimisation with box constraints. This is done by considering a specific form of opto-electronic oscillator-based coherent Ising…
Ising machines and related probabilistic hardware have emerged as promising platforms for NP-hard optimization and sampling. However, many practical problems involve constraints that induce dense or all-to-all couplings, undermining…
Simulation of quantum systems is notoriously challenging for classical computers, while quantum hardware is naturally well-suited for this task. However, the imperfections of contemporary quantum systems poses a considerable challenge in…
Combinatorial optimization problems are funda- mental for various fields ranging from finance to wireless net- works. This work presents a simulated bifurcation (SB) Ising solver in CMOS for NP-hard optimization problems. Analog domain…
Monte Carlo particle transport problems play a vital role in scientific computing, but solving them on exiting von Neumann architectures suffers from random branching and irregular memory access, causing computing inefficiency due to a…
The slowing down of Moore's Law has led to a crisis as the computing workloads of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms continue skyrocketing. There is an urgent need for scalable and energy-efficient hardware catering to the unique…
Presented here is an algorithm for a type-II quantum computer which simulates the Ising model in one and two dimensions. It is equivalent to the Metropolis Monte-Carlo method and takes advantage of quantum superposition for random number…
Ising machines are hardware solvers which aim to find the absolute or approximate ground states of the Ising model. The Ising model is of fundamental computational interest because it is possible to formulate any problem in the complexity…
A modern graphics processing unit (GPU) is able to perform massively parallel scientific computations at low cost. We extend our implementation of the checkerboard algorithm for the two dimensional Ising model [T. Preis et al., J. Comp.…
Finding the ground states of the Ising Hamiltonian [1] maps to various combinatorial optimization problems in biology, medicine, wireless communications, artificial intelligence, and social network. So far no efficient classical and quantum…
Combinatorial optimization problems are computationally hard in general, but they are ubiquitous in our modern life. A coherent Ising machine (CIM) based on a multiple-pulse degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) is an alternative…
Non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP) problems are ubiquitous in almost every field of study. Recently, all-optical approaches have been explored for solving classic NP problems based on the spin-glass Ising Hamiltonian. However, obtaining…
The quantum theory of coherent Ising machines, based on degenerate optical parametric oscillators and measurement-feedback circuits, is developed using the positive $P({\alpha},{\beta})$ representation of the density operator and the master…
We show that the nonlinear stochastic dynamics of a measurement-feedback-based coherent Ising machine (MFB-CIM) in the presence of quantum noise can be exploited to sample degenerate ground and low-energy spin configurations of the Ising…
Simulating a network of Ising spins with physical systems is now emerging as a promising approach for solving mathematically intractable problems. Here we report a large-scale network of artificial spins based on degenerate optical…