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The conventional definition of a topological metric over a space specifies properties that must be obeyed by any measure of "how separated" two points in that space are. Here it is shown how to extend that definition, and in particular the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-10-15 David H. Wolpert

Is there a translation-bounded measure whose diffraction is spherically symmetric and concentrated on a single sphere? This note constructively answers this question of Strungaru in the affirmative.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Michael Baake , Jan Mazáč , Emily R. Korfanty

In this note we examine the relationship between two-dimensional Coulomb systems and the thermal equilibrium measure, such as defined in the lecture notes [arXiv:2407.21194v1], pointing out some of its discrepancies with respect to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Yacin Ameur

With the increasing capabilities of LLMs, recent studies focus on understanding whose opinions are represented by them and how to effectively extract aligned opinion distributions. We conducted an empirical analysis of three straightforward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Maja Pavlovic , Massimo Poesio

In this paper is discussed an application of signed measures (charges) to description of segment and chord length distributions in nonconvex bodies. The signed distribution may naturally appears due to definition via derivatives of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-05-11 Alexander Yu. Vlasov

Probabilities of measurement outcomes of two-particle entangled states give a physically transparent interpretation of the concurrence and of the I-concurrence as entanglement measures. The (I)-concurrence can thus be measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Markus A. Cirone

In this chapter, a statistical measure of complexity is introduced and some of its properties are discussed. Also, some straightforward applications are shown.

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2010-09-09 Ricardo Lopez-Ruiz , Hector Mancini , Xavier Calbet

We study distributional similarity measures for the purpose of improving probability estimation for unseen cooccurrences. Our contributions are three-fold: an empirical comparison of a broad range of measures; a classification of similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Lillian Lee

A large literature has grown up around the proposed use of 'weak measurements' (i.e., unsharp measurements followed by post-selection) to allegedly provide information about hidden ontological features of quantum systems. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-16 R. E. Kastner

Parametric distributions are an important part of statistics. There is now a voluminous literature on different fascinating formulations of flexible distributions. We present a selective and brief overview of a small subset of these…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Sharon X. Lee , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

We consider the problem of measurement using the Lindblad equation, which allows the introduction of time in the interaction between the measured system and the measurement apparatus. We use analytic results, valid for weak…

Signed graphs have their edges labeled either as positive or negative. Here we introduce two types of signed distance matrix for signed graphs. We characterize balance in signed graphs using these matrices and we obtain explicit formulae…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Shahul Hameed K , Shijin T , Soorya P , Germina K A , Thomas Zaslavsky

Besides the classical distinction of correlation and dependence, many dependence measures bear further pitfalls in their application and interpretation. The aim of this paper is to raise and recall awareness of some of these limitations by…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-17 Björn Böttcher

Sentiment analysis is one of the most widely used techniques in text analysis. Recent advancements with Large Language Models have made it more accurate and accessible than ever, allowing researchers to classify text with only a plain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Michael Burnham

We consider positively supported Borel measures for which all moments exist. On the set of compactly supported measures in this class a partial order is defined via eventual dominance of the moment sequences. Special classes are identified…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-03-23 Vincent Bürgin , Jeremias Epperlein , Fabian Wirth

This expository note aims at illustrating weak convergence of probability measures from a broader view than a previously published paper. Though the results are standard for functional analysts, this approach is rarely known by…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-06 Liang Hong

We review possible measures of complexity which might in particular be applicable to situations where the complexity seems to arise spontaneously. We point out that not all of them correspond to the intuitive (or "naive") notion, and that…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2012-08-20 Peter Grassberger

A stability version of the reverse isoperimetric inequality, and the corresponding inequality for isotropic measures are established.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-01-13 Karoly J. Boroczky , Daniel Hug

Purity and coherence of a quantum state are recognized as useful resources for various information processing tasks. In this article, we propose a fidelity based valid measure of purity and coherence monotone and establish a relationship…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-09 Indrajith V S , R. Muthuganesan , R. Sankaranarayanan

There is a big gap between the charming principles ideas and the real implementation of a diagnostic. In this lecture we review some details that make the difference between a good and bad measurement, highlighting also the relation between…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2020-05-18 Alessandro Cianchi