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Frequency control rebalances supply and demand while maintaining the network state within operational margins. It is implemented using fast ramping reserves that are expensive and wasteful, and which are expected to grow with the increasing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-11-19 Enrique Mallada , Changhong Zhao , Steven H. Low

Due to the growing threat of climate change, the worlds governments have been encouraging the adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs). As a result, EV numbers have been growing exponentially which will introduce a large EV charging load into…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Mohammad Ali Sayed , Mohsen Ghafouri , Ribal Atallah , Mourad Debbabi , Chadi Assi

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are projected to be one of the major contributors to energy transition in the global transportation due to their rapid expansion. The EVs will play a vital role in achieving a sustainable transportation system by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-03 Sithara S. G. Acharige , Md Enamul Haque , Mohammad Taufiqul Arif , Nasser Hosseinzadeh

Operating fleets of electric vehicles (EVs) introduces several challenges, some of which are borne by the fleet operator, and some of which are borne by the power grid. To maximize short-term profit a fleet operator could always charge EVs…

This paper introduces a frequency response characteristic (FRC) curve and its application in high renewable power systems. In addition, the paper presents a method for fast frequency response assessment and frequency nadir prediction…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-13 Shutang You

The frequency droop response of conventional turbine driven synchronous generators with respect to load increases is normally used in order to have stable operating characteristics for multiple generators operating in parallel over large…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2013-09-11 Kirsch N. Mackey , Roy A. McCann

The increasing global spread of electric vehicles (EVs) has introduced significant interdependence between transportation and power networks. Most of the previous studies on coupled networks focus on the formation of equilibrium states…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-10 Jiaqi Li , Xiaoyuan Xu , Zheng Yan , Han Wang , Yue Chen

Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to reduce grid stress through smart charging strategies while simultaneously meeting user demand. This requires accurate forecasts of key charging parameters, such as energy demand and connection…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Parnian Alikhani , Nico Brinkel , Wouter Schram , Ioannis Lampropoulos , Wilfried van Sark

Low levels of system inertia in power grids with significant penetration of non-synchronous Renewable Energy Sources (RES) have increased the risk of frequency instability. The provision of a certain type of ancillary services such as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-20 Luis Badesa , Fei Teng , Goran Strbac

The paper discusses fast frequency control in bulk power systems using embedded networks of grid-forming energy storage resources. Differing from their traditional roles of regulating reserves, the storage resources in this work operate as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Kaustav Chatterjee , Ramij Raja Hossain , Sai Pushpak Nandanoori , Soumya Kundu , Diane Baldwin , Ronald Melton

Recent proliferation in electric vehicles (EVs) are posing profound impacts over the operation of electrical grids. In particular, due to the physical constraints on charging stations' capacity and uncertainty in charging demand, it becomes…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-29 Yize Chen , Baosen Zhang

The increasing penetration of volatile renewables combined with increasing demands poses a challenge to modern power grids. Furthermore, distributed energy resources and flexible devices (electric vehicles, PV generation, ...) are becoming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-01 Emrah Öztürk , Kevin Kaspar , Timm Faulwasser , Karl Worthmann , Peter Kepplinger , Klaus Rheinberger

This paper proposes a collaborative planning model for the active distribution network (ADN) and electric vehicle (EV) charging stations that fully considers the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) function and reactive power support of EVs in different…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-29 Yongheng Wang , Xinwei Shen , Yan Xu

When deploying fast charging stations (FCSs) to support long-distance trips of electric vehicles (EVs), there exist indirect network effects: while the gradual diffusion of EVs directly influences the timing and capacities of FCS…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-13 Yujia Li , Feng Qiu , Yixuan Chen , Yunhe Hou

We address the problem of characterizing the aggregate flexibility in populations of electric vehicles (EVs) with uncertain charging requirements. Extending upon prior results that provide exact characterizations of aggregate flexibility in…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Karan Mukhi , Chengrui Qu , Pengcheng You , Alessandro Abate

The operation of the power grid is becoming more stressed, due to the addition of new large loads represented by Electric Vehicles (EVs) and a more intermittent supply due to the incorporation of renewable sources. As a consequence, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-15 Islam Safak Bayram , George Michailidis , Michael Devetsikiotis

The increasing penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) has brought significant challenges for power systems planning and operation. These highly variable sources are typically distributed in the grid; therefore, a detailed…

Due to increased penetration of renewable resources in the distribution grid, the distribution system operator (DSO) faces increased challenges to maintain security and quality of supply. Since, a large proportion of renewables are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-10 Ankur Majumdar , Omid Alizadeh-Mousavi

Ultra reliable, low latency vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications is a key requirement for seamless operation of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in future smart cities. To this end, cellular small base stations (SBSs) with edge computing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Md Mostofa Kamal Tareq , Omid Semiari , Mohsen Amini Salehi , Walid Saad

Cities around the world are increasingly promoting electric vehicles (EV) to reduce and ultimately eliminate greenhouse gas emissions. For example, the city of San Francisco aims to increase the number of EVs from tens of thousands to over…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Robert Thompson , Muhammad Ismail , Susmit Shannigrahi