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The emergence of exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems represents an intriguing phenomenon characterized by the coalescence of eigenenergies and eigenstates. When a system approaches an exceptional point, it exhibits a heightened…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Shu-Xuan Wang , Zhongbo Yan

Higher-order exceptional points (EPs), resulting from non-Hermitian degeneracies, have shown greater advantages in sensitive enhancement than second-order EPs (EP2s). Therefore, seeking higher-order EPs in various quantum systems is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Wei Xiong , Zhuanxia Li , Yiling Song , Jiaojiao Chen , Guoqiang Zhang , Mingfeng Wang

Higher-order exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems showcase diverse physical phenomena but require more parameter space freedom or symmetries. It leads to a challenge for the exploration of high-order EP geometries in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Hao Chen , Xiao Qin , Jian-Jun Dong , Yu-Yu Zhang , Zi-Xiang Hu

Exceptional points are spectral degeneracies of non-Hermitian systems where both eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes coalesce. The eigenfrequency sensitivities near an exceptional point are significantly enhanced, whereby they diverge directly…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Felix Binkowski , Julius Kullig , Fridtjof Betz , Lin Zschiedrich , Andrea Walther , Jan Wiersig , Sven Burger

Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with complex eigenenergies are useful tools for describing the dynamics of open quantum systems. In particular, parity and time (PT) symmetric Hamiltonians have generated interest due to the emergence of…

We propose an efficient optomechanical mass sensor operating at exceptional points (EPs), non-hermitian degeneracies where eigenvalues of a system and their corresponding eigenvectors simultaneously coalesce. The benchmark system consists…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-07 P. Djorwé , Y. Pennec , B. Djafari-Rouhani

Higher-order exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems have attracted great interest due to their advantages in sensitive enhancement and distinct topological features. However, realization of such EPs is still challenged because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-29 Wei Xiong , Zhuanxia Li , Guo-Qiang Zhang , Mingfeng Wang , Hai-Chao Li , Xiao-Qing Luo , Jianjiao Chen

Exceptional points, with simultaneous coalescence of eigen-values and eigen-vectors, can be realized with non-Hermitian photonic systems. With the enhanced response, exceptional points have been proposed to improve the performance of…

Optics · Physics 2022-07-22 Dalton Anderson , Manav Shah , Linran Fan

In contrast to Hermitian systems, eigenstates of non-Hermitian ones are in general nonorthogonal. This feature is most pronounced at exceptional points where several eigenstates are linearly dependent. In this work we show that near this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-23 Alexander A. Zyablovsky , Evgeny S. Andrianov , Alexander A. Pukhov

The exotic physics emerging in non-Hermitian systems with balanced distributions of gain and loss has drawn a great deal of attention in recent years. These systems exhibit phase transitions and exceptional point singularities in their…

Optics · Physics 2021-03-17 Arik Bergman , Robert Duggan , Kavita Sharma , Moshe Tur , Avi Zadok , Andrea Alu

Two-mode coupling is very common and basic in optics. Recently, a lot more works are focusing on the optical mode coupling with gain and loss due to its tighter link to actual world. For a couple between one gain and one loss mode, by…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-22 Zhichao Li

Non-Hermitian systems have attracted significant interest because of their intriguing and useful properties, including exceptional points (EPs), where eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenstates of non-Hermitian operators become…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Hamed Ghaemi-Dizicheh , Shahram Dehdashti , Andreas Hanke , Ahmed Touhami , Janis Nötzel

Degeneracies of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian i.e., exceptional points (EPs) of parity-time (PT)-symmetric systems have received considerable research attention due to their various possible applications in optical devices. At EPs, at least two…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-05 Priyanka Chaudhary , Akhilesh Kumar Mishra

We reveal a novel topological property of the exceptional points in a two-level parity-time symmetric system and then propose a scheme to detect the topological exceptional points in the system, which is embedded in a larger Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Jian Xu , Yan-Xiong Du , Wei Huang , Dan-Wei Zhang

Higher-order exceptional points in the spectrum of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describing open quantum or wave systems have a variety of potential applications in particular in optics and photonics. However, the experimental realization is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-05 Jan Wiersig

In this article, the non-Hermitian characteristics of three-dimensional PT-symmetric coupled electronic resonators are theoretically analyzed. First, the concept of non-Hermitian PT symmetry is illustrated in the context of electronics…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Ke Yin , Kaihao Tang , Lu Tan , Saddam Ibrahim Dawalbait Bakhat , Tianyu Dong , Huacheng Zhu , Yang Yang

We study mechanical cooling in systems of coupled passive (lossy) and active (with gain) optical resonators. We find that for a driving laser which is red-detuned with respect to the cavity frequency, the supermode structure of the system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-15 H. Jing , Ş. K. Özdemir , H. Lü , Franco Nori

The heightened sensitivity observed in non-Hermitian systems at exceptional points (EPs) has garnered significant attention. Typical EP sensor implementations rely on precise measurements of spectra and importantly, for real time sensing…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-18 Parul Sharma , Brijesh Kumar , Nihar Ranjan Sahoo , Anshuman Kumar

The amplitude of resonant oscillations in a non-Hermitian environment can either decay or grow in time, corresponding to a mode with either loss or gain. When two coupled modes have a specific difference between their loss or gain, a…

Classical Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 N. J. Lambert , A. Schumer , J. J. Longdell , S. Rotter , H. G. L. Schwefel

We report an enhanced sensitivity for detecting linear perturbations near hybrid (doubly degenerated) exceptional-diabolic (HED) singular points in a four mode bosonic system. The sensitivity enhancement is attributed to a singular response…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Javid Naikoo , Ravindra W. Chhajlany , Adam Miranowicz