Related papers: Using transcription-based detectors to emulate the…

We present a sequential testing method to identify a practically significant effect. We build on the existing mixture sequential probability ratio test (mSPRT) that can sequentially test for a non-zero treatment effect by using a truncated…

Given that biochemical circuits can process information by using analog computation, a question is: What can biochemical circuits compute? This paper considers the problem of using biochemical circuits to distinguish persistent signals from…

In this paper, we develop a simple approach for testing multiple statistical hypotheses based on the observations of a number of probability ratios enumerated consecutively with respect to the index of hypotheses. Explicit and tight bounds…

Background: Spatio-temporal receptive fields (STRF) of visual neurons are often estimated using spike-triggered averaging of binary pseudo-random stimulus sequences. The stimuli are visual displays that contain black and white pixels that…

Speculative Decoding (SD) is a recently proposed technique for faster inference using Large Language Models (LLMs). SD operates by using a smaller draft LLM for autoregressively generating a sequence of tokens and a larger target LLM for…

Identifying the relevant variables for a classification model with correct confidence levels is a central but difficult task in high-dimension. Despite the core role of sparse logistic regression in statistics and machine learning, it still…

Mass spectrometry provides a high-throughput approach to identify proteins in biological samples. A key step in the analysis of mass spectrometry data is to identify the peptide sequence that, most probably, gave rise to each observed…

Responding appropriately to the detections of a sequential change detector requires knowledge of the rate at which false positives occur in the absence of change. Setting detection thresholds to achieve a desired false positive rate is…

Response time and transcription level are vital parameters of gene regulation. They depend on how fast transcription factors (TFs) find and how efficient they occupy their specific target sites. It is well known that target site search is…

Background: Spatial transcriptomics have emerged as a powerful tool in biomedical research because of its ability to capture both the spatial contexts and abundance of the complete RNA transcript profile in organs of interest. However,…

We propose a new framework for cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks, that is based on a novel class of non-uniform samplers, called the event-triggered samplers, and sequential detection. In the proposed scheme, each…

BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and related pre-trained Transformers have provided large gains across many language understanding tasks, achieving a new state-of-the-art (SOTA). BERT is pre-trained on two…

The problem of detecting a binding site -- a substring of DNA where transcription factors attach -- on a long DNA sequence requires the recognition of a small pattern in a large background. For short binding sites, the matching probability…

The short packet transmission (SPT) has gained much attention in recent years. In SPT, the most significant characteristic is that the finite blocklength code (FBC) is adopted. With FBC, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) cannot be expressed…

Cooperative spectrum sensing is a robust strategy that enhances the detection probability of primary licensed users. However, a large number of detectors reporting to a fusion center for a final decision causes significant delay and also…

In this paper we consider a group sequentially monitored trial on a survival endpoint, monitored using a weighted log-rank (WLR) statistic with deterministic weight function. We introduce a summary statistic in the form of a weighted…

In microbiome studies, one of the ways of studying bacterial abundances is to estimate bacterial composition based on the sequencing read counts. Various transformations are then applied to such compositional data for downstream statistical…

Pretrained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable few-shot learning capabilities when provided with properly formatted examples. However, selecting the "best" examples remains an open challenge. We propose a complexity-based prompt…

In forensic genetics, short tandem repeats (STRs) are used for human identification (HID). Degraded biological trace samples with low amounts of short DNA fragments (low-quality DNA samples) pose a challenge for STR typing. Predefined…

Objective: EEG-based methods can predict speech intelligibility, but their accuracy and robustness lag behind behavioral tests, which typically show test-retest differences under 1 dB. We introduce the multi-decoder method to predict speech…