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Random Forests (RFs) typically train each tree on a bootstrap sample of the same size as the training set, i.e., bootstrap rate (BR) equals 1.0. We systematically examine how varying BR from 0.2 to 5.0 affects RF performance across 39…

Big Data is one of the major challenges of statistical science and has numerous consequences from algorithmic and theoretical viewpoints. Big Data always involve massive data but they also often include online data and data heterogeneity.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-23 Robin Genuer , Jean-Michel Poggi , Christine Tuleau-Malot , Nathalie Villa-Vialaneix

Random Forest (RF) is a widely used ensemble learning technique known for its robust classification performance across diverse domains. However, it often relies on hundreds of trees and all input features, leading to high inference cost and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Sijan Bhattarai , Saurav Bhandari , Girija Bhusal , Saroj Shakya , Tapendra Pandey

Classification and Regression Tree (CART), Random Forest (RF) and Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT) are probably the most popular set of statistical learning methods. However, their statistical consistency can only be proved under very…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-17 Haoran Zhan , Yu Liu , Yingcun Xia

In deep learning, often the training process finds an interpolator (a solution with 0 training loss), but the test loss is still low. This phenomenon, known as benign overfitting, is a major mystery that received a lot of recent attention.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Mo Zhou , Rong Ge

Random Forest (RF) is an ensemble classification technique that was developed by Breiman over a decade ago. Compared with other ensemble techniques, it has proved its accuracy and superiority. Many researchers, however, believe that there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Khaled Fawagreh , Mohamad Medhat Gaber , Eyad Elyan

Genomics has revolutionized biology, enabling the interrogation of whole transcriptomes, genome-wide binding sites for proteins, and many other molecular processes. However, individual genomic assays measure elements that interact in vivo…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-08 Sumanta Basu , Karl Kumbier , James B. Brown , Bin Yu

Random Forests (RFs) are widely used Machine Learning models in low-power embedded devices, due to their hardware friendly operation and high accuracy on practically relevant tasks. The accuracy of a RF often increases with the number of…

We consider an underdetermined noisy linear regression model where the minimum-norm interpolating predictor is known to be consistent, and ask: can uniform convergence in a norm ball, or at least (following Nagarajan and Kolter) the subset…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-15 Lijia Zhou , Danica J. Sutherland , Nathan Srebro

Random forest (RF) is one of the most popular methods for estimating regression functions. The local nature of the RF algorithm, based on intra-node means and variances, is ideal when errors are i.i.d. For dependent error processes like…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-29 Arkajyoti Saha , Sumanta Basu , Abhirup Datta

Unsupervised neural networks, such as restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) and deep belief networks (DBNs), are powerful tools for feature selection and pattern recognition tasks. We demonstrate that overfitting occurs in such models just…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Baiyang Wang , Diego Klabjan

The literature on "benign overfitting" in overparameterized models has been mostly restricted to regression or binary classification; however, modern machine learning operates in the multiclass setting. Motivated by this discrepancy, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-13 Ke Wang , Vidya Muthukumar , Christos Thrampoulidis

Ensemble learning methods are designed to benefit from multiple learning algorithms for better predictive performance. The tradeoff of this improved performance is slower speed and larger size of ensemble learning systems compared to single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Abolfazl Nadi , Hadi Moradi , Khalil Taheri

We demonstrate that adaptively controlling the size of individual regression trees in a random forest can improve predictive performance, contrary to the conventional wisdom that trees should be fully grown. A fast pruning algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-15 Nikola Surjanovic , Andrew Henrey , Thomas M. Loughin

The phenomenon of benign overfitting, where a predictor perfectly fits noisy training data while attaining near-optimal expected loss, has received much attention in recent years, but still remains not fully understood beyond well-specified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Ohad Shamir

We analyze the trade-off between model complexity and accuracy for random forests by breaking the trees up into individual classification rules and selecting a subset of them. We show experimentally that already a few rules are sufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Michael Rapp , Eneldo Loza Mencía , Johannes Fürnkranz

We study predictive probability inference in classification tasks using random forests under class imbalance. We focus on two simplified variants of Breiman's algorithm, namely subsampling Infinite Random Forests (IRFs) and under-sampling…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Moria Mayala , Olivier Wintenberger , Charles Tillier , Clément Dombry

Since their introduction by Breiman, Random Forests (RFs) have proven to be useful for both classification and regression tasks. The RF prediction of a previously unseen observation can be represented as a weighted sum of all training…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-21 Nils Koster , Fabian Krüger

Random forests remain among the most popular off-the-shelf supervised machine learning tools with a well-established track record of predictive accuracy in both regression and classification settings. Despite their empirical success as well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-15 Lucas Mentch , Siyu Zhou

Textbook wisdom advocates for smooth function fits and implies that interpolation of noisy data should lead to poor generalization. A related heuristic is that fitting parameters should be fewer than measurements (Occam's Razor).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Partha P Mitra