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Soil moisture (SM) estimation from active microwave data remains challenging due to the complex interactions between radar backscatter and surface characteristics. While the water cloud model (WCM) provides a semi-physical approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yi Yu , Patrick Filippi , Thomas F. A. Bishop

The amount of water present in soil is measured in terms of a parameter commonly referred to as Volumetric Water Content (VWC) and is used for determining the field capacity of any soil. It is an important parameter accounting for ensuring…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-08 Idrees Zaman , Nandit Jain , Anna Förster

The increasing global demand for sustainable agriculture necessitates intelligent monitoring systems that optimize resource utilization and plant health management. Traditional farming methods rely on manual observation and periodic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Abdul Hasib , A. S. M. Ahsanul Sarkar Akib

Widespread Pb (lead) contamination of urban soil significantly impacts food safety and public health and hinders city greening efforts. However, most existing technologies for measuring Pb are labor-intensive and costly. In this study, we…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yixuan Gao , Tanvir Ahmed , Mikhail Mohammed , Zhongqi Cheng , Rajalakshmi Nandakumar

Soil moisture monitoring is a fundamental process to enhance agricultural outcomes and to protect the environment. The traditional methods for measuring moisture content in soil are laborious and expensive, and therefore there is a growing…

Wireless sensor networks can revolutionize soil ecology by providing measurements at temporal and spatial granularities previously impossible. This paper presents a soil monitoring system we developed and deployed at an urban forest in…

Soil nutrients and water content are two crucial factors that significantly affect agricultural production yields. Hence, monitoring and measuring the water content and soil type are critical requirements. This study proposes a…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-21 Justin Jose , Nikhil Kumar

In the modern agricultural industry, technology plays a crucial role in the advancement of cultivation. To increase crop productivity, soil require some specific characteristics. For watermelon cultivation, soil needs to be sandy and of…

One of the essential elements in implementing a closed-loop irrigation system is soil moisture estimation based on a limited number of available sensors. One associated problem is the determination of the optimal locations to install the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-03-15 Erfan Orouskhani , Soumya R. Sahoo , Bernard T. Agyeman , Song Bo , Jinfeng Liu

Synergetic use of sensors for soil moisture retrieval is attracting considerable interest due to the different advantages of different sensors. Active, passive, and optic data integration could be a comprehensive solution for exploiting the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-30 Reza Attarzadeh , Hossein Bagheri , Iman Khosravi , Saeid Niazmardi , Davood Akbarid

Weather and soil conditions are particularly important when it comes to farming activities. Study of these factors and their role in nutrient and nitrate absorption rates can lead to useful insights with benefits for both the crop yield and…

Indoor humidity is a crucial factor affecting people's health and well-being. Wireless humidity sensing techniques are scalable and low-cost, making them a promising solution for measuring humidity in indoor environments without requiring…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Yirui Deng , Deepak Mishra , Shaghik Atakaramians , Aruna Seneviratne

A novel chipless RFID humidity sensor based on a finite Artificial Impedance Surface (AIS) is presented. The unit cell of the AIS is composed of three concentric loops thus obtaining three deep and high Q nulls in the electromagnetic…

Soil moisture estimation is an important task to enable precision agriculture in creating optimal plans for irrigation, fertilization, and harvest. It is common to utilize statistical and machine learning models to estimate soil moisture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Mohammed Rakib , Adil Aman Mohammed , D. Cole Diggins , Sumit Sharma , Jeff Michael Sadler , Tyson Ochsner , Arun Bagavathi

This paper presents a study conducted to allow urban farmers to remotely monitor their farm through the design and development of an Internet of Things-based (IoT) microfarm prototype which utilized wick system as planting method. The…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-11-05 R. Jorda, , C. Alcabasa , A. Buhay , E. C. Dela Cruz , J. P. Mendoza , A. Tolentino , L. K. Tolentino , E. Fernandez , A. Thio-ac , J. Velasco , N. Arago

Water level monitoring is critical for flood management, water resource allocation, and ecological assessment, yet traditional methods remain costly and limited in coverage. This work explores radar-based sensing as a low-cost alternative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Anna Zavei-Boroda , J. Toby Minear , Kyle Harlow , Dusty Woods , Christoffer Heckman

Common remote sensing modalities (RGB, multispectral, hyperspectral imaging or LiDAR) are often used to indirectly measure crop health and do not directly capture plant stress indicators. Commercially available direct leaf sensors are…

Soil moisture sensing through biomass or vegetation canopy has challenged researchers, even those who use SAR sensors with penetration capabilities. This is mainly due to the imposed extra time and phase offsets on Radio Frequency (RF)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Luke Jacobs , Mohamad Alipour , Adam Watts , Elahe Soltanaghai

Soiling detection for automotive cameras is a crucial part of advanced driver assistance systems to make them more robust to external conditions like weather, dust, etc. In this paper, we regard the soiling detection as a semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Filip Beránek , Václav Diviš , Ivan Gruber

The paper introduces a novel approach for estimating soil moisture in vegetated surfaces, specifically focusing on sugarcane crops throughout various growth stages in agriculture applications. While existing models typically address bare…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Gian Oré , Jhonnatan Yepes , Juliana A. Góes , Luciano P. Oliveira , Bárbara Teruel , Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa