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Related papers: Formal Certification Methods for Automated Vehicle…

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Safety and mission performance validation of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is a major challenge. In this paper we describe a methodology for constructing and applying assertion checks to validate the behaviour of an AV operating either in…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Christopher Harper , Greg Chance , Abanoub Ghobrial , Saquib Alam , Tony Pipe , Kerstin Eder

This paper describes the comprehensive safety framework that underpinned the development, release process, and regulatory approval of BMW's first SAE Level 3 Automated Driving System. The framework combines established qualitative and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Moritz Werling , Rainer Faller , Wolfgang Betz , Daniel Straub

A system safety case is a compelling, comprehensible, and valid argument about the satisfaction of the safety goals of a given system operating in a given environment supported by convincing evidence. Since the publication of UL 4600 in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Michael Wagner , Carmen Carlan

Automated vehicles (AVs) must be evaluated thoroughly before their release and deployment. A widely-used evaluation approach is the Naturalistic-Field Operational Test (N-FOT), which tests prototype vehicles directly on the public roads.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Ding Zhao , Henry Lam , Huei Peng , Shan Bao , David J. LeBlanc , Kazutoshi Nobukawa , Christopher S. Pan

The tremendous excitement around the deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) comes from their purported promise. In addition to decreasing accidents, AVs are projected to usher in a new era of equity in human autonomy by providing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-04 A. Feder Cooper , Karen Levy

The increasing automation of vehicles is resulting in the integration of more extensive in-vehicle sensor systems, electronic control units, and software. Additionally, vehicle-to-everything communication is seen as an opportunity to extend…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Laurenz Adolph , barbara Schütt , David Kraus , Eric Sax

Security of (semi)-autonomous vehicles is a growing concern, first, due to the increased exposure of the functionality to the potential attackers; second, due to the reliance of car functionalities on diverse (semi)-autonomous systems;…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Anupam Chattopadhyay , Kwok-Yan Lam

A fail-operational system for highly automated driving must complete the driving task even in the presence of a failure. This requires redundant architectures and a mechanism to reconfigure the system in case of a failure. Therefore, an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Tobias Schmid , Stefanie Schraufstetter , Jonas Fritzsch , Dominik Hellhake , Greta Koelln , Stefan Wagner

With the increasing complexity of software permeating critical domains such as autonomous driving, new challenges are emerging in the ways the engineering of these systems needs to be rethought. Autonomous driving is expected to continue…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Dasa Kusnirakova , Barbora Buhnova

Simulation is essential to validate autonomous driving systems. However, a simple simulation, even for an extremely high number of simulated miles or hours, is not sufficient. We need well-founded criteria showing that simulation does…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Changwen Li , Joseph Sifakis , Qiang Wang , Rongjie Yan , Jian Zhang

In the current landscape of autonomous vehicle (AV) safety and security research, there are multiple isolated problems being tackled by the community at large. Due to the lack of common evaluation criteria, several important research…

We review state-of-the-art formal methods applied to the emerging field of the verification of machine learning systems. Formal methods can provide rigorous correctness guarantees on hardware and software systems. Thanks to the availability…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Caterina Urban , Antoine Miné

The widescale deployment of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) seems to be imminent despite many safety challenges that are yet to be resolved. It is well known that there are no universally agreed Verification and Validation (VV) methodologies to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Existing safety assurance approaches for autonomous vehicles (AVs) perform system-level safety evaluation by placing the AV-under-test in challenging traffic scenarios captured by abstract scenario specifications and investigated in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Aren A. Babikian , Oszkár Semeráth , Dániel Varró

Conventional vehicles are certified through classical approaches, where different physical certification tests are set up on test tracks to assess required safety levels. These approaches are well suited for vehicles with limited complexity…

One of the major impediments in deployment of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) is their safety and reliability. The primary reason for the complexity of testing ADS is that it operates in an open world characterized by its…

The autonomous car technology promises to replace human drivers with safer driving systems. But although autonomous cars can become safer than human drivers this is a long process that is going to be refined over time. Before these vehicles…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Thomio Watanabe , Denis Wolf

Formal Methods are mathematically-based techniques for software design and engineering, which enable the unambiguous description of and reasoning about a system's behaviour. Autonomous systems use software to make decisions without human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Matt Luckcuck

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have significantly advanced in real-world deployment in recent years, yet safety continues to be a critical barrier to widespread adoption. Traditional functional safety approaches, which primarily verify the…

Research on automated vehicles has experienced an explosive growth over the past decade. A main obstacle to their practical realization, however, is a convincing safety concept. This question becomes ever more important as more…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Georg Schildbach