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We have developed a model for proton depth dose and lateral distributions based on Monte Carlo calculations (GEANT4) and an integration procedure of the Bethe-Bloch equation (BBE). The model accounts for the transport of primary and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 W. Ulmer , B. Schaffner

Recently, artificial intelligence technologies and algorithms have become a major focus for advancements in treatment planning for radiation therapy. As these are starting to become incorporated into the clinical workflow, a major concern…

Deep learning has advanced efficient chemical process simulations on the surfaces, accelerating high-throughput materials screening and rational design in heterogeneous catalysis, energy storage and conversion, and gas separation. However,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-03-12 Zhihao Zhang , Xiao-Ming Cao

Radiation therapy is crucial in cancer treatment. Experienced experts typically iteratively generate high-quality dose distribution maps, forming the basis for excellent radiation therapy plans. Therefore, automated prediction of dose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-23 Linjie Fu , Xia Li , Xiuding Cai , Yingkai Wang , Xueyao Wang , Yali Shen , Yu Yao

Fast and accurate predictions of uncertainties in the computed dose are crucial for the determination of robust treatment plans in radiation therapy. This requires the solution of particle transport problems with uncertain parameters or…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Pia Stammer , Lucas Burigo , Oliver Jäkel , Martin Frank , Niklas Wahl

Delineation of tumors and organs-at-risk permits detecting and correcting changes in the patients' anatomy throughout the treatment, making it a core step of adaptive proton therapy (APT). Although AI-based auto-contouring technologies have…

We propose to develop deep learning models that can predict Pareto optimal dose distributions by using any given set of beam angles, along with patient anatomy, as input to train the deep neural networks. We implement and compare two deep…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Gyanendra Bohara , Azar Sadeghnejad Barkousaraie , Steve Jiang , Dan Nguyen

The development of a digital twin (DT) framework for fast online adaptive proton therapy planning in prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) with dominant intraprostatic lesion (DIL) boost represents a significant advancement in…

Online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) is an attractive concept that promises the ability to deliver an optimal treatment in response to the inter-fraction variability in patient anatomy. However, it has yet to be realized due to technical…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Xuejun Gu , Dongju Choi , Chunhua Men , Hubert Pan , Amitava Majumdar , Steve B. Jiang

Proton therapy provides superior dose conformity compared with photon radiotherapy, concentrating radiation within the tumor while sparing adjacent healthy tissue. This advantage has been most effectively realized for static tumors in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Vivek Maradia , Nick Yue , Adam Molzahn , Jingqian Wang , Mark Pankuch , Serdar Charyyev , Billy W. Loo

The claim that Monte Carlo is the most accurate method is a case of misattributed credit. This claim is based on experience with advanced systems MCNPX, Geant4 and EGS. These systems achieve remarkable performance because they use most…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Oleg N Vassiliev , Radhe Mohan

Dose verification based on proton-induced positron emitters is a promising quality assurance tool and may leverage the strength of artificial intelligence. To move a step closer towards practical application, the sensitivity analysis of two…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-12-23 Shixiong Yu , Yuxiang Liu , Zongsheng Hu , Haozhao Zhang , Pengyu Qi , Hao Peng

Deep learning has facilitated the automation of radiotherapy by predicting accurate dose distribution maps. However, existing methods fail to derive the desirable radiotherapy parameters that can be directly input into the treatment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Jiaqi Cui , Yuanyuan Xu , Jianghong Xiao , Yuchen Fei , Jiliu Zhou , Xingcheng Peng , Yan Wang

Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) employs proton radiation rather than conventional X-rays to treat cancerous tumors. This approach offers significant advantages by minimizing the radiation exposure of surrounding healthy tissue,…

Fast procedures for the beam quality assessment and for the monitoring of beam energy modulations during the irradiation are among the most urgent improvements in particle therapy. Indeed, the online measurement of the particle beam energy…

Predictive dosimetry is central to enabling personalized radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT), particularly in prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted theranostics. In this work, we develop a three layer computational framework that…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-02-02 Hamid Abdollahi , James Fowler , Carlos Uribe , Arman Rahmim

In this study we performed a feasibility investigation on implementing a fast and accurate dose calculation based on a deep learning technique. A two dimensional (2D) fluence map was first converted into a three dimensional (3D) volume…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Jiawei Fan , Lei Xing , Peng Dong , Jiazhou Wang , Weigang Hu , Yong Yang

We have developed a model for proton depth dose and lateral distributions based on Monte Carlo calculations (GEANT4) and an integration procedure of the Bethe-Bloch equation (BBE). The model accounts for the transport of primary and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2010-09-14 W. Ulmer , B. Schaffner

Protoacoustic imaging showed great promise in providing real-time 3D dose verification of proton therapy. However, the limited acquisition angle in protoacoustic imaging induces severe artifacts, which significantly impairs its accuracy for…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-08-14 Yankun Lang , Zhuoran Jiang , Leshan Sun , Liangzhong Xiang , Lei Ren

Purpose: We present a framework for robust automated treatment planning using machine learning, comprising scenario-specific dose prediction and robust dose mimicking. Methods: The scenario dose prediction pipeline is divided into the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Oskar Eriksson , Tianfang Zhang