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In seismic exploration, sources and measurements of seismic waves on the surface are used to determine model parameters representing geophysical properties of the earth. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear seismic inverse technique…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Yunan Yang

Full-waveform inversion (FWI), a popular technique that promises high-resolution models, has helped in improving the salt definition in inverted velocity models. The success of the inversion relies heavily on having prior knowledge of the…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-01-11 Abdullah Alali , Vladimir Kazei , Mahesh Kalita , Tariq Alkhalifah

Geophysical models usually contain both sharp interfaces and smooth variations, and it is difficult to accurately account for both of these two types of medium parameter variations using conventional full-waveform inversion methods. In…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-05-22 Kai Gao , Lianjie Huang

This thesis is devoted to the investigations of gravitational wave (GW) data analysis from a continuous source e.g. a pulsar, a binary star system. The first Chapter is an introduction to gravitational wave and second Chapter is on the data…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. K. Sahay

This paper proposes a new method that combines check-pointing methods with error-controlled lossy compression for large-scale high-performance Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI), an inverse problem commonly used in geophysical exploration. This…

Full waveform inversion (FWI) iteratively updates the velocity model by minimizing the difference between observed and simulated data. Due to the high computational cost and memory requirements associated with global optimization…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-09-19 Xinru Mu , Omar M. Saad , Shaowen Wang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Conventional frequency-domain full-waveform inversion (FWI) is typically implemented with an $L^2$ misfit function, which suffers from challenges such as cycle skipping and sensitivity to noise. While the Wasserstein metric has proven…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Zhijun Zeng , Matej Neumann , Yunan Yang

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a widely used method in seismic data processing, capable of estimating models that represent the characteristics of the geological layers of the subsurface. Because it works with a massive amount of data,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Felipe H. S. da Silva , João B. Fernandes , Idalmis M. Sardina , Tiago Barros , Samuel Xavier-de-Souza , Italo A. S. Assis

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) plays a vital role in reconstructing geophysical structures. The Uncertainty Quantification regarding the inversion results is equally important but has been missing out in most of the current geophysical…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Qiancheng Liu , Stephen Beller , Wenjie Lei , Daniel Peter , Jeroen Tromp

Accurately characterizing migration velocity models is crucial for a wide range of geophysical applications, from hydrocarbon exploration to monitoring of CO2 sequestration projects. Traditional velocity model building methods such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Rafael Orozco , Huseyin Tuna Erdinc , Yunlin Zeng , Mathias Louboutin , Felix J. Herrmann

The full-waveform inversion (FWI) addresses the computation and characterization of subsurface model parameters by matching predicted data to observed seismograms in the frame of nonlinear optimization. We formulate FWI as a nonlinearly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-26 Ali Gholami , Hossein S. Aghamiry , Stéphane Operto

In recent years, Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) has been extensively used to derive high-resolution subsurface velocity models from seismic data. However, due to the nonlinearity and ill-posed nature of the problem, FWI requires a good…

Solving inverse problems involving measurement noise and modeling errors requires regularization in order to avoid data overfit. Geophysical inverse problems, in which the Earth's highly heterogeneous structure is unknown, present a…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-03-31 Ali Siahkoohi , Rafael Orozco , Gabrio Rizzuti , Felix J. Herrmann

In our paper [SIAM J.\ Appl.~Math.\ 79-6 (2019), https://doi.org/10.1137/19M1269403] we considered full waveform inversion (FWI) in the viscoelastic regime. FWI entails the nonlinear inverse problem of recovering parameter functions of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-03-03 Andreas Kirsch , Andreas Rieder

Source footprints represent an inherent problem to full-waveform inversion (FWI). They are caused by the high data sensitivity to the model parameters in the vicinity of the seismic sources and can be exacerbated by source-related errors in…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-12 Milad Bader , Robert G. Clapp , Kurt T. Nihei , Biondo Biondi

This paper concerns the Time-Domain Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) for dispersive and dissipative poroelastic materials. The forward problem is an initial boundary value problem (IBVP) of the poroelastic equations with a memory term; the FWI…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-24 Miao-jung Yvonne Ou , Petr Plecháč , Jiangming Xie

Full waveform inversion (FWI) strongly depends on an accurate starting model to succeed. This is particularly true in the elastic regime: The cycle-skipping phenomenon is more severe in elastic FWI compared to acoustic FWI, due to the short…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-10-14 Hongyu Sun , Laurent Demanet

Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) is an emerging imaging modality that holds great promise for breast imaging. Full-waveform inversion (FWI)-based image reconstruction methods incorporate accurate wave physics to produce high spatial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-01 Luke Lozenski , Hanchen Wang , Fu Li , Mark A. Anastasio , Brendt Wohlberg , Youzuo Lin , Umberto Villa

Partial differential equation (PDE) constrained optimization problems such as seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) frequently arise in the geoscience and related fields. For such problems, many observations are usually gathered by multiple…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-05-04 Kamal Aghazade , Hossein S. Aghamiry , Ali Gholami , Stephane Operto

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear waveform matching procedure, which suffers from cycle skipping when the initial model is not kinematically-accurate enough. To mitigate cycle skipping, wavefield reconstruction inversion (WRI)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-29 Hossein S. Aghamiry , Ali Gholami , Stéphane Operto