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We study generalization and knowledge reuse capabilities of deep neural networks in the domain of abstract visual reasoning (AVR), employing Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPMs), a recognized benchmark task for assessing AVR abilities. Two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mikołaj Małkiński , Jacek Mańdziuk

The ability to hypothesise, develop abstract concepts based on concrete observations and apply these hypotheses to justify future actions has been paramount in human development. An existing line of research in outfitting intelligent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Nicholas Quek Wei Kiat , Duo Wang , Mateja Jamnik

The abstract visual reasoning ability in human intelligence benefits discovering underlying rules in the novel environment. Raven's Progressive Matrix (RPM) is a classic test to realize such ability in machine intelligence by selecting from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Fan Shi , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

A hallmark of human intelligence is the ability to infer abstract rules from limited experience and apply these rules to unfamiliar situations. This capacity is widely studied in the visual domain using the Raven's Progressive Matrices.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Quan Do , Thomas M. Morin , Chantal E. Stern , Michael E. Hasselmo

The abstract visual reasoning (AVR) domain presents a diverse suite of analogy-based tasks devoted to studying model generalization. Recent years have brought dynamic progress in the field, particularly in i.i.d. scenarios, in which models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Mikołaj Małkiński , Jacek Mańdziuk

Abstract reasoning refers to the ability to analyze information, discover rules at an intangible level, and solve problems in innovative ways. Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) test is typically used to examine the capability of abstract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Sheng Hu , Yuqing Ma , Xianglong Liu , Yanlu Wei , Shihao Bai

In continual learning, a system learns from non-stationary data streams or batches without catastrophic forgetting. While this problem has been heavily studied in supervised image classification and reinforcement learning, continual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Tyler L. Hayes , Christopher Kanan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated incredible strides on diverse vision language tasks. We dig into vision-based deductive reasoning, a more sophisticated but less explored realm, and find previously unexposed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Yizhe Zhang , He Bai , Ruixiang Zhang , Jiatao Gu , Shuangfei Zhai , Josh Susskind , Navdeep Jaitly

Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPMs) is an established benchmark to examine the ability to perform high-level abstract visual reasoning (AVR). Despite the current success of algorithms that solve this task, humans can generalize beyond a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Kalliopi Basioti , Pritish Sahu , Qingze Tony Liu , Zihao Xu , Hao Wang , Vladimir Pavlovic

One of the primary challenges faced by deep learning is the degree to which current methods exploit superficial statistics and dataset bias, rather than learning to generalise over the specific representations they have experienced. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Damien Teney , Peng Wang , Jiewei Cao , Lingqiao Liu , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Great endeavors have been made to study AI's ability in abstract reasoning, along with which different versions of RAVEN's progressive matrices (RPM) are proposed as benchmarks. Previous works give inkling that without sophisticated design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Qinglai Wei , Diancheng Chen , Beiming Yuan

This paper is a pioneering work attempting to address abstract visual reasoning (AVR) problems for large vision-language models (VLMs). We make a common LLaVA-NeXT 7B model capable of perceiving and reasoning about specific AVR problems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Ke Zhu , Yu Wang , Jiangjiang Liu , Qunyi Xie , Shanshan Liu , Gang Zhang

Analogical reasoning is a fundamental capacity of human cognition that allows us to reason abstractly about novel situations by relating them to past experiences. While it is thought to be essential for robust reasoning in AI systems,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xiaoyang Hu , Shane Storks , Richard L. Lewis , Joyce Chai

As a step towards improving the abstract reasoning capability of machines, we aim to solve Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) with neural networks, since solving RPM puzzles is highly correlated with human intelligence. Unlike previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Tao Zhuo , Mohan Kankanhalli

While multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have shown significant progress on many popular visual reasoning benchmarks, whether they possess abstract visual reasoning abilities remains an open question. Similar to the Sudoku puzzles,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Yifan Jiang , Jiarui Zhang , Kexuan Sun , Zhivar Sourati , Kian Ahrabian , Kaixin Ma , Filip Ilievski , Jay Pujara

We present a novel computational model, "SAViR-T", for the family of visual reasoning problems embodied in the Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM). Our model considers explicit spatial semantics of visual elements within each image in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Pritish Sahu , Kalliopi Basioti , Vladimir Pavlovic

This work compares large language models (LLMs) and neuro-symbolic approaches in solving Raven's progressive matrices (RPM), a visual abstract reasoning test that involves the understanding of mathematical rules such as progression or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Michael Hersche , Giacomo Camposampiero , Roger Wattenhofer , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

Raven's Progressive Matrices are a benchmark originally designed to test the cognitive abilities of humans. It has recently been adapted to test relational reasoning in machine learning systems. For this purpose the so-called Procedurally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Marius Jahrens , Thomas Martinetz

Spatial-temporal reasoning is a challenging task in Artificial Intelligence (AI) due to its demanding but unique nature: a theoretic requirement on representing and reasoning based on spatial-temporal knowledge in mind, and an applied…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Chi Zhang , Baoxiong Jia , Song-Chun Zhu , Yixin Zhu

This paper provides a systematic overview of machine learning methods applied to solve NP-hard Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs). Recently, there has been a great interest from both machine learning and operations research communities to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Aigerim Bogyrbayeva , Meraryslan Meraliyev , Taukekhan Mustakhov , Bissenbay Dauletbayev