Related papers: A Knowledge-Based Decision Support System for In V…
In this work, we present (i) a novel approach how artificial intelligence can support in the therapy for better concentration of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) through motivational attention training with a…
This paper considers making active learning more sensible from a medical perspective. In practice, a disease manifests itself in different forms across patient cohorts. Existing frameworks have primarily used mathematical constructs to…
Individuals can vary drastically in their response to the same treatment, and this heterogeneity has driven the push for more personalized medicine. Accurate and interpretable methods to identify subgroups that respond to the treatment…
Cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health and leading to the deaths of a large number of people. It was observed during the drug administration in chemotherapy that immune cells, cancer…
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most prevalent form of breast cancer, and early, accurate diagnosis is critical to improving patient survival rates by guiding treatment decisions. Combining medical expertise with artificial…
Clinical decision support using deep neural networks has become a topic of steadily growing interest. While recent work has repeatedly demonstrated that deep learning offers major advantages for medical image classification over traditional…
In clinical trials, an experimental treatment is sometimes added on to a standard of care or control therapy in multiple treatment phases (e.g., concomitant and maintenance phases) to improve patient outcomes. When the new regimen provides…
The clustering performance of Fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory (Fuzzy ART) is highly dependent on the preset vigilance parameter, where deviations in its value can lead to significant fluctuations in clustering results, severely limiting its…
Objective: Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) is an emerging approach for cancer therapy that inhibits tumor cell proliferation by applying alternating electric fields (EF) of intermediate frequency and low intensity. The TTFields-induced…
Individual entities are being connected every day with the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT). IoT contains various application domains and healthcare is one of them indeed. It is receiving a lot of attention recently because of its…
An optimal dynamic treatment regime (DTR) is a sequence of decision rules aimed at providing the best course of treatments individualized to patients. While conventional DTR estimation uses longitudinal data, such data can also be…
Prescription contraceptives play a critical role in supporting women's reproductive health. With nearly 50 million women in the United States using contraceptives, understanding the factors that drive contraceptives selection and switching…
Individualized treatment rules/recommendations (ITRs) aim to improve patient outcomes by tailoring treatments to the characteristics of each individual. However, when there are many treatment groups, existing methods face significant…
There is a dearth of robust methods to estimate the causal effects of multiple treatments when the outcome is binary. This paper uses two unique sets of simulations to propose and evaluate the use of Bayesian Additive Regression Trees…
Probing signal injection is a well-established technique to extract additional information from a weakly (or non) observable dynamical system. Using averaging theory, a framework to analyse such schemes for general nonlinear systems has…
Clinical decision-making is a feedback system where risk estimates influence treatment, which in turn changes disease trajectories, and both shape clinicians' measurement practices. Static prediction often fails clinically: models trained…
There is a growing interest in the implementation of platform trials, which provide the flexibility to incorporate new treatment arms during the trial and the ability to halt treatments early based on lack of benefit or observed…
We propose the instrumental variable regime (IVR) method to estimate the causal effects of multiple sequential treatments. This method serves to address the problem of endogenous selections of sequential treatments. An IVR is a sequence of…
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with immunohistochemical (IHC) is widely used for pathological evaluation to provide the appropriate therapy for patients…
Manual Pap smear analysis for cervical cancer screening is limited by inter-observer variability, time constraints, and restricted expert availability. Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have automated cervical cell…