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The Wiener index of a connected graph is the sum of the distances between all pairs of vertices in the graph. It was conjectured that the Wiener index of an $n$-vertex maximal planar graph is at most $\lfloor\frac{1}{18}(n^3+3n^2)\rfloor$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-09 Debarun Ghosh , Ervin Győri , Addisu Paulos , Nika Salia , Oscar Zamora

The Wiener polarity index of a graph G is the number of unordered pairs of vertices u, v such that the distance between u and v is 3. In this paper we give an explicit formula for the Wiener polarity index of cactus graphs. We also deduce…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Nan Chen , Wen-Xue Du , Yi-Zheng Fan

We study that over some types of trees with a given number of vertices, which trees minimize or maximize the total number of subtrees. Trees minimizing (resp. maximizing) the total number of subtrees usually maximize (resp. minimize) the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-30 Shuchao Li , Shujing Wang

For any graph $G$, let $t(G)$ be the number of spanning trees of $G$, $L(G)$ be the line graph of $G$ and for any non-negative integer $r$, $S_r(G)$ be the graph obtained from $G$ by replacing each edge $e$ by a path of length $r+1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-24 Fengming Dong , Weigen Yan

A graph is maximal $k$-degenerate if each induced subgraph has a vertex of degree at most $k$ and adding any new edge to the graph violates this condition. In this paper, we provide sharp lower and upper bounds on Wiener indices of maximal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Allan Bickle , Zhongyuan Che

We say two spanning trees of a graph are completely independent if their edge sets are disjoint, and for each pair of vertices, the paths between them in each spanning tree do not have any other vertex in common. Pai and Chang constructed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Benedict Randall Shaw

We prove Ehrenborg's conjecture that every connected bipartite graph $G$ with parts of size $m$ and $n$ has at most $\frac{1}{mn}\prod_{v\in V(G)} \operatorname{deg}(v)$ spanning trees, and that equality holds if and only if $G$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Boon Suan Ho

This paper considers three separate matrices associated to graphs and (each dimension of) cell complexes. It relates all the coefficients of their respective characteristic polynomials to the geometric and combinatorial enumeration of three…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-26 Sylvain E. Cappell , Edward Y. Miller

The Wiener index is maximized over the set of trees with the given vertex weight and degree sequences. This model covers the traditional "unweighed" Wiener index, the terminal Wiener index, and the vertex distance index. It is shown that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-12 Mikhail Goubko

We rigorously derive the dense graph limit of a discrete model describing the formation of biological transportation networks. The discrete model, defined on undirected graphs with pressure-driven flows, incorporates a convex energy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Nuno J. Alves , Jan Haskovec

Given a finite planar graph, a grove is a spanning forest in which every component tree contains one or more of a specified set of vertices (called nodes) on the outer face. For the uniform measure on groves, we compute the probabilities of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-30 Richard W. Kenyon , David B. Wilson

Chung and Graham considered the problem of minimizing the number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph containing all $n$-vertex trees as a subgraph. They showed that such a graph has at least $\frac{1}{2}n \log{n}$ edges. In this note, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Ervin Győri , Binlong Li , Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins

The Jones polynomial can be expressed in terms of spanning trees of the graph obtained by checkerboard coloring a knot diagram. We show there exists a complex generated by these spanning trees whose homology is the reduced Khovanov…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-04-22 Abhijit Champanerkar , Ilya Kofman

The Wiener index of a connected graph is defined as the sum of distances between all its unordered pairs of vertices. Characterising graphs on $n$ vertices with a fixed diameter that maximise the Wiener index is a long-standing open…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Dinesh Pandey , Peruvemba Sundaram Ravi

For a two-dimensional lattice $\Lambda$ with $n$ vertices, the number of spanning trees $N_{ST}(\Lambda)$ grows asymptotically as $\exp(n z_\Lambda)$ in the thermodynamic limit. We present exact integral expression and numerical value for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-12-12 Shu-Chiuan Chang

We present a simple linear-time algorithm that finds a spanning tree $T$ of a given $2$-edge-connected graph $G$ such that each vertex $v$ of $T$ has degree at most $\lceil \frac{\deg_G(v)}{2}\rceil + 1$.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Dariusz Dereniowski , Janusz Dybizbański , Przemysław Karpiński , Michał Zakrzewski , Paweł Żyliński

We show that for every graph $G$ that contains two edge-disjoint spanning trees, we can choose two edge-disjoint spanning trees $T_1,T_2$ of $G$ such that $|d_{T_1}(v)-d_{T_2}(v)|\leq 5$ for all $v \in V(G)$. We also prove the more general…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-09 Florian Hörsch

We present new short proofs of known spanning tree enumeration formulae for threshold and Ferrers graphs by showing that the Laplacian matrices of such graphs admit triangular rank-one perturbations. We then characterize the set of graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-26 Christian Go , Zhong Xuan Khwa , Xinyu Luo , Matthew T. Stamps

The Wiener index of a graph is the sum of all the distances between any pair of vertices. We aim to describe graphs which minimize the Wiener index among all unicyclic graphs with fixed girth and given degree sequence. Depending on where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Alewyn P. Burger , Valisoa R. M. Rakotonarivo

The Wiener index of a strong digraph $D$ is defined as the sum of the distances between all ordered pairs of vertices. This definition has been extended to digraphs that are not necessarily strong by defining the distance from a vertex $a$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Peter Dankelmann