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Curriculum learning--ordering training examples in a sequence to aid machine learning--takes inspiration from human learning, but has not gained widespread acceptance. Static strategies for scoring item difficulty rely on indirect proxy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhenwei Tang , Amogh Inamdar , Ashton Anderson , Richard Zemel

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have presented challenges in evaluating those models. Existing evaluation methods are either reference-based or preference based, which inevitably need human intervention or introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Dan Qiao , Chenfei Wu , Yaobo Liang , Juntao Li , Nan Duan

Research on self-evolving language agents has accelerated, drawing increasing attention to their ability to create, adapt, and maintain tools from task requirements. However, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on predefined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bowei Xia , Mengkang Hu , Shijian Wang , Jiarui Jin , Wenxiang Jiao , Yuan Lu , Kexin Li , Ping Luo

The growing deployment of decision-making agents in dynamic environments increases the demand for safety verification. While critical testing scenario generation has emerged as an appealing verification methodology, effectively balancing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Qitong Chu , Yufeng Yue , Danya Yao , Huaxin Pei

Expressive Range Analysis (ERA), an approach for visualising the output of Procedural Content Generation (PCG) systems, is widely used within PCG research to evaluate and compare generators, often to make comparative statements about their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Oliver Withington , Laurissa Tokarchuk

The increasing complexity of gameplay mechanisms in modern video games is leading to the emergence of a wider range of ways to play games. The variety of possible play-styles needs to be anticipated by designers, through automated tests.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Pierre Le Pelletier de Woillemont , Rémi Labory , Vincent Corruble

Several families of continual learning techniques have been proposed to alleviate catastrophic interference in deep neural network training on non-stationary data. However, a comprehensive comparison and analysis of limitations remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Timm Hess , Martin Mundt , Iuliia Pliushch , Visvanathan Ramesh

Strategic diversity is often essential in games: in multi-player games, for example, evaluating a player against a diverse set of strategies will yield a more accurate estimate of its performance. Furthermore, in games with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Marta Garnelo , Wojciech Marian Czarnecki , Siqi Liu , Dhruva Tirumala , Junhyuk Oh , Gauthier Gidel , Hado van Hasselt , David Balduzzi

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) refers to the practice, in videogames and other games, of generating content such as levels, quests, or characters algorithmically. Motivated by the need to make games replayable, as well as to reduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Sebastian Risi , Julian Togelius

Navigation path traces play a crucial role in video game design, serving as a vital resource for both enhancing player engagement and fine-tuning non-playable character behavior. Generating such paths with human-like realism can enrich the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Daniel Campa , Mehdi Saeedi , Ian Colbert , Srinjoy Das

This paper describes a method for generative player modeling and its application to the automatic testing of game content using archetypal player models called procedural personas. Theoretically grounded in psychological decision theory,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Christoffer Holmgård , Michael Cerny Green , Antonios Liapis , Julian Togelius

Coding agents are rapidly changing the landscape of software development, moving from inline completion to autonomous systems that edit repositories, open pull requests, respond to issues, and run scheduled or webhook triggered routines…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Nghi D. Q. Bui , Georgios Evangelopoulos

The rapid advancement in AI-generated video synthesis has led to a growth demand for standardized and effective evaluation metrics. Existing metrics lack a unified framework for systematically categorizing methodologies, limiting a holistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xinhao Xiang , Xiao Liu , Zizhong Li , Zhuosheng Liu , Jiawei Zhang

Creativity of generative AI models has been a subject of scientific debate in the last years, without a conclusive answer. In this paper, we study creativity from a practical perspective and introduce quantitative measures that help the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Aditi Ramaswamy , Hana Chockler , Melane Navaratnarajah

Algorithms that generate computer game content require game design knowledge. We present an approach to automatically learn game design knowledge for level design from gameplay videos. We further demonstrate how the acquired design…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-02-26 Matthew Guzdial , Mark Riedl

Although current state-of-the-art language models have achieved impressive results in numerous natural language processing tasks, still they could not solve the problem of producing repetitive, dull and sometimes inconsistent text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 An Nguyen

Generative AI is rapidly transforming how organizations create value and evaluate talent. While large language models enhance baseline output quality, they simultaneously introduce ambiguity in assessing human creativity, as observable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yigal Rosen , Ilia Rushkin

Aligning autonomous agents with human intent remains a central challenge in modern AI. A key manifestation of this challenge is reward hacking, whereby agents appear successful under the evaluation signal while violating the intended…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Amit Roth , Ankur Samanta , Matan Halevy , Yoav Levine , Yonathan Efroni

Reinforcement learning has been widely successful in producing agents capable of playing games at a human level. However, this requires complex reward engineering, and the agent's resulting policy is often unpredictable. Going beyond…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 William Ahlberg , Alessandro Sestini , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

Recently, there have been several high-profile achievements of agents learning to play games against humans and beat them. In this paper, we study the problem of training intelligent agents in service of game development. Unlike the agents…