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Accurate medical image segmentation is fundamental to precision medicine, yet robust delineation remains challenging under heterogeneous appearances, ambiguous boundaries, and large anatomical variability. Similar intensity and texture…

Continual learning protocols are attracting increasing attention from the medical imaging community. In continual environments, datasets acquired under different conditions arrive sequentially; and each is only available for a limited…

Due to the cross-domain distribution shift aroused from diverse medical imaging systems, many deep learning segmentation methods fail to perform well on unseen data, which limits their real-world applicability. Recent works have shown the…

Great progress has been achieved in the community of autonomous driving in the past few years. As a safety-critical problem, however, anomaly detection is a huge hurdle towards a large-scale deployment of autonomous vehicles in the real…

Dealing with atypical traffic scenarios remains a challenging task in autonomous driving. However, most anomaly detection approaches cannot be trained on raw sensor data but require exposure to outlier data and powerful semantic…

Medical anomaly detection is a crucial yet challenging task aimed at recognizing abnormal images to assist in diagnosis. Due to the high-cost annotations of abnormal images, most methods utilize only known normal images during training and…

To operate safely, autonomous vehicles (AVs) need to detect and handle unexpected objects or anomalies on the road. While significant research exists for anomaly detection and segmentation in 2D, research progress in 3D is underexplored.…

Weakly supervised medical image segmentation (MIS) using generative models is crucial for clinical diagnosis. However, the accuracy of the segmentation results is often limited by insufficient supervision and the complex nature of medical…

In industry, machine anomalous sound detection (ASD) is in great demand. However, collecting enough abnormal samples is difficult due to the high cost, which boosts the rapid development of unsupervised ASD algorithms. Autoencoder (AE)…

Anomaly detection is an emerging approach in digital pathology for its ability to efficiently and effectively utilize data for disease diagnosis. While supervised learning approaches deliver high accuracy, they rely on extensively annotated…

Unsupervised Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection consists in identifying anomalous regions in images leveraging only models trained on images of healthy anatomy. An established approach is to tokenize images and model the distribution of…

Anomaly localization in images -- identifying regions that deviate from normal patterns -- is vital in applications such as medical diagnosis and industrial inspection. A recent trend is the use of image generation models in anomaly…

Out-of-distribution (OoD) detection and segmentation have attracted growing attention as concerns about AI security rise. Conventional OoD detection methods identify the existence of OoD objects but lack spatial localization, limiting their…

Recent work has shown that label-efficient few-shot learning through self-supervision can achieve promising medical image segmentation results. However, few-shot segmentation models typically rely on prototype representations of the…

Anomaly segmentation is a critical task for driving applications, and it is approached traditionally as a per-pixel classification problem. However, reasoning individually about each pixel without considering their contextual semantics…

In recent years, machine learning has witnessed extensive adoption across various sectors, yet its application in medical image-based disease detection and diagnosis remains challenging due to distribution shifts in real-world data. In…

Medical image segmentation is vital for clinical diagnosis, yet current deep learning methods often demand extensive expert effort, i.e., either through annotating large training datasets or providing prompts at inference time for each new…

Medical image segmentation is vital for modern healthcare and is a key element of computer-aided diagnosis. While recent advancements in computer vision have explored unsupervised segmentation using pre-trained models, these methods have…

Segmentation of pathological images is essential for accurate disease diagnosis. The quality of manual labels plays a critical role in segmentation accuracy; yet, in practice, the labels between pathologists could be inconsistent, thus…

Machine learning (ML) algorithms are optimized for the distribution represented by the training data. For outlier data, they often deliver predictions with equal confidence, even though these should not be trusted. In order to deploy…