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We analyze recurrent neural networks with diagonal hidden-to-hidden weight matrices, trained with gradient descent in the supervised learning setting, and prove that gradient descent can achieve optimality \emph{without} massive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Semih Cayci , Atilla Eryilmaz

In this paper, we consider one dimensional (shallow) ReLU neural networks in which weights are chosen randomly and only the terminal layer is trained. First, we mathematically show that for such networks L2-regularized regression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jakob Heiss , Josef Teichmann , Hanna Wutte

We study approximation limits of single-hidden-layer neural networks with analytic activation functions under global coefficient constraints. Under uniform $\ell^1$ bounds, or more generally sub-exponential growth of the coefficients, we…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-09 Jean-Gabriel Attali

We investigate the sample complexity of networks with bounds on the magnitude of its weights. In particular, we consider the class \[ H=\left\{W_t\circ\rho\circ \ldots\circ\rho\circ W_{1} :W_1,\ldots,W_{t-1}\in M_{d, d}, W_t\in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Amit Daniely , Elad Granot

Until recently, applications of neural networks in machine learning have almost exclusively relied on real-valued networks. It was recently observed, however, that complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) exhibit superior performance in…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-06 A. Caragea , D. G. Lee , J. Maly , G. Pfander , F. Voigtlaender

For the past 30 years or so, machine learning has stimulated a great deal of research in the study of approximation capabilities (expressive power) of a multitude of processes, such as approximation by shallow or deep neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Hrushikesh Mhaskar

Overparametrized neural networks trained by gradient descent (GD) can provably overfit any training data. However, the generalization guarantee may not hold for noisy data. From a nonparametric perspective, this paper studies how well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-28 Tianyang Hu , Wenjia Wang , Cong Lin , Guang Cheng

This paper investigates the stability of deep ReLU neural networks for nonparametric regression under the assumption that the noise has only a finite p-th moment. We unveil how the optimal rate of convergence depends on p, the degree of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Jianqing Fan , Yihong Gu , Wen-Xin Zhou

We study the sample complexity of learning neural networks, by providing new bounds on their Rademacher complexity assuming norm constraints on the parameter matrix of each layer. Compared to previous work, these complexity bounds have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Noah Golowich , Alexander Rakhlin , Ohad Shamir

We study the classical binary classification problem for hypothesis spaces of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) under Tsybakov's low-noise condition with exponent $q>0$, as well as its limit case $q=\infty$, which we refer to as the \emph{hard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Nathanael Tepakbong , Xiang Zhou , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We develop fast algorithms and robust software for convex optimization of two-layer neural networks with ReLU activation functions. Our work leverages a convex reformulation of the standard weight-decay penalized training problem as a set…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Aaron Mishkin , Arda Sahiner , Mert Pilanci

We discuss approximation of functions using deep neural nets. Given a function $f$ on a $d$-dimensional manifold $\Gamma \subset \mathbb{R}^m$, we construct a sparsely-connected depth-4 neural network and bound its error in approximating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-24 Uri Shaham , Alexander Cloninger , Ronald R. Coifman

We consider training over-parameterized two-layer neural networks with Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) using gradient descent (GD) method. Inspired by a recent line of work, we study the evolutions of network prediction errors across GD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Lili Su , Pengkun Yang

We study the fundamental limits to the expressive power of neural networks. Given two sets $F$, $G$ of real-valued functions, we first prove a general lower bound on how well functions in $F$ can be approximated in $L^p(\mu)$ norm by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-21 El Mehdi Achour , Armand Foucault , Sébastien Gerchinovitz , François Malgouyres

Our main focus is on the generalization bound, which serves as an upper limit for the generalization error. Our analysis delves into regression and classification tasks separately to ensure a thorough examination. We assume the target…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-30 Wen-Liang Hwang

In this article, we study approximation properties of the variation spaces corresponding to shallow neural networks with a variety of activation functions. We introduce two main tools for estimating the metric entropy, approximation rates,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-26 Jonathan W. Siegel , Jinchao Xu

This paper studies the rates of convergence for learning distributions implicitly with the adversarial framework and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), which subsume Wasserstein, Sobolev, MMD GAN, and Generalized/Simulated Method of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Tengyuan Liang

The first provably efficient algorithm for learning graph neural networks (GNNs) with one hidden layer for node information convolution is provided in this paper. Two types of GNNs are investigated, depending on whether labels are attached…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Qunwei Li , Shaofeng Zou , Wenliang Zhong

We study regularized deep neural networks (DNNs) and introduce a convex analytic framework to characterize the structure of the hidden layers. We show that a set of optimal hidden layer weights for a norm regularized DNN training problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

Classical results on the statistical complexity of linear models have commonly identified the norm of the weights $\|w\|$ as a fundamental capacity measure. Generalizations of this measure to the setting of deep networks have been varied,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-24 Ryan Theisen , Jason M. Klusowski , Huan Wang , Nitish Shirish Keskar , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher