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We explore how violations of the often-overlooked standard assumption that the random effects model matrix in a linear mixed model is fixed (and thus independent of the random effects vector) can lead to bias in estimators of estimable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-23 Andrew T. Karl , Dale L. Zimmerman

Practitioners use feature importance to rank and eliminate weak predictors during model development in an effort to simplify models and improve generality. Unfortunately, they also routinely conflate such feature importance measures with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Terence Parr , James D. Wilson , Jeff Hamrick

Small area estimation under linear mixed models often assumes that the small area effect is random effect in almost all previous studies. However, in this paper a new approach is proposed explaining small area effect as the unknown function…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-04-16 Rong Zhu , Guohua Zou , Chun Wang , Yi Hu

One fundamental statistical question for research areas such as precision medicine and health disparity is about discovering effect modification of treatment or exposure by observed covariates. We propose a semiparametric framework for…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-04 Muxuan Liang , Menggang Yu

The coefficient of determination is well defined for linear models and its extension is long wanted for mixed-effects models. We revisit its extension to define measures for proportions of variation explained by the whole model, fixed…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-04 Dabao Zhang

In a meta-analysis, it is important to specify a model that adequately describes the effect-size distribution of the underlying population of studies. The conventional normal fixed-effect and normal random-effects models assume a normal…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-10-21 George Karabatsos , Elizabeth Talbott , Stephen G. Walker

We consider a semiparametric generalized linear model and study estimation of both marginal and quantile effects in this model. We propose an approximate maximum likelihood estimator, and rigorously establish the consistency, the asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-06 Seong-ho Lee , Yanyuan Ma , Elvezio Ronchetti

This paper investigates the structural interpretation of the marginal policy effect (MPE) within nonseparable models. We demonstrate that, for a smooth functional of the outcome distribution, the MPE equals its functional derivative…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-07-10 Zhixin Wang , Yu Zhang , Zhengyu Zhang

Random-effects models are frequently used to synthesise information from different studies in meta-analysis. While likelihood-based inference is attractive both in terms of limiting properties and of implementation, its application in…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-16 Ioannis Kosmidis , Annamaria Guolo , Cristiano Varin

Categorical covariates such as race, sex, or group are ubiquitous in regression analysis. While main-only (or ANCOVA) linear models are predominant, cat-modified linear models that include categorical-continuous or categorical-categorical…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-02 Daniel R. Kowal

Mixed-effect models are flexible tools for researchers in a myriad of fields, but that flexibility comes at the cost of complexity and if users are not careful in how their model is specified, they could be making faulty inferences from…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-28 Keith R. Lohse , Allan J. Kozlowski , Michael J. Strube

Marginal structural models are a popular method for estimating causal effects in the presence of time-varying exposures. In spite of their popularity, no scalable non-parametric estimator exist for marginal structural models with…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-30 Axel Martin , Michele Santacatterina , Iván Díaz

Linear regression is a frequently used tool in statistics, however, its validity and interpretability relies on strong model assumptions. While robust estimates of the coefficients' covariance extend the validity of hypothesis tests and…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-04-23 Werner Brannath , Martin Scharpenberg

Variance function estimation in nonparametric regression is considered and the minimax rate of convergence is derived. We are particularly interested in the effect of the unknown mean on the estimation of the variance function. Our results…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Lie Wang , Lawrence D. Brown , T. Tony Cai , Michael Levine

Individual-specific, time-constant, random effects are often used to model dependence and/or to account for omitted covariates in regression models for longitudinal responses. Longitudinal studies have known a huge and widespread use in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-14 Marco Alfo' , Roberto Rocci

We propose a framework for computing, optimizing and integrating with respect to a smooth marginal likelihood in statistical models that involve high-dimensional parameters/latent variables and continuous low-dimensional hyperparameters.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-10 Omiros Papaspiliopoulos , Timothée Stumpf-Fétizon , Jonathan Weare

We introduce inferential methods for prediction based on functional random effects in generalized functional mixed effects models. This is similar to the inference for random effects in generalized linear mixed effects models (GLMMs), but…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-15 Xinkai Zhou , Erjia Cui , Joseph Sartini , Ciprian Crainiceanu

Marginal structural models fit via inverse probability of treatment weighting are commonly used to control for confounding when estimating causal effects from observational data. When planning a study that will be analyzed with marginal…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-16 Bonnie E. Shook-Sa , Michael G. Hudgens

This paper considers the topic of finding prior distributions when a major component of the statistical model depends on a nonlinear function. Using results on how to construct uniform distributions in general metric spaces, we propose a…

Computation · Statistics 2014-05-09 Björn Bornkamp

This article introduces a novel nonparametric methodology for Generalized Linear Models which combines the strengths of the binary regression and latent variable formulations for categorical data, while overcoming their disadvantages.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-12 K. P. Chowdhury