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Transformers have achieved state-of-the-art performance in numerous tasks. In this paper, we propose a continuous-time formulation of transformers. Specifically, we consider a dynamical system whose governing equation is parametrized by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Kelvin Kan , Xingjian Li , Stanley Osher

We present a robust optimisation framework for computing invariant solutions of wall-bounded flows by recasting the Navier-Stokes equations as a variational problem as established in Ashtari and Schneider, JFM (2023). The approach minimises…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-14 Thomas Burton , Sean Symon , Davide Lasagna

A novel algorithm for the direct numerical simulation of the variable-density, low-Mach Navier-Stokes equations extending the method of Kim, Moin, and Moser (1987) for incompressible flow is presented here. A Fourier representation is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-06-22 Bryan W. Reuter , Todd A. Oliver , Robert D. Moser

Optimal Transport (OT) has fueled machine learning (ML) across many domains. When paired data measurements $(\boldsymbol{\mu}, \boldsymbol{\nu})$ are coupled to covariates, a challenging conditional distribution learning setting arises.…

Physics-based optical flow models have been successful in capturing the deformities in fluid motion arising from digital imagery. However, a common theoretical framework analyzing several physics-based models is missing. In this regard, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hirak Doshi , N. Uday Kiran

In this work, we develop reduced order models (ROMs) to predict solutions to a multiscale kinetic transport equation with a diffusion limit under the parametric setting. When the underlying scattering effect is not sufficiently strong, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Tianyu Jin , Zhichao Peng , Yang Xiang

The importance and demands of visual scene understanding have been steadily increasing along with the active development of autonomous systems. Consequently, there has been a large amount of research dedicated to semantic segmentation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-27 Junhwa Hur , Stefan Roth

This paper deals with the numerical modeling of flow around and through a porous obstacle by a reduced order model (ROM) obtained by Galerkin projection of the Navier-Stokes equations onto a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) reduced…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-07-24 Cyrille Allery , Claudine Beghein , Claire Dubot , Fabien Dubot

We propose a technique for interpolating between probability distributions on discrete surfaces, based on the theory of optimal transport. Unlike previous attempts that use linear programming, our method is based on a dynamical formulation…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-09-20 Hugo Lavenant , Sebastian Claici , Edward Chien , Justin Solomon

We present an efficient mixed finite element method to solve the fourth-order thin film flow equations using moving mesh refinement. The moving mesh strategy is based on harmonic mappings developed by Li et al. [J. Comput. Phys., 170…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Hong Zhang , Paul A Zegeling

We introduce a new optimal transport distance between nonnegative finite Radon measures with possibly different masses. The construction is based on non-conservative continuity equations and a corresponding modified Benamou-Brenier formula.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-03-22 Stanislav Kondratyev , Léonard Monsaingeon , Dmitry Vorotnikov

We propose a numerical algorithm for the computation of multi-marginal optimal transport (MMOT) problems involving general probability measures that are not necessarily discrete. By developing a relaxation scheme in which marginal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Ariel Neufeld , Qikun Xiang

Accurately and efficiently simulating complex fluid dynamics is a challenging task that has traditionally relied on computationally intensive methods. Neural network-based approaches, such as convolutional and graph neural networks, have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Zeyi Xu , Jinfan Liu , Kuangxu Chen , Ye Chen , Zhangli Hu , Bingbing Ni

Reactive transport in permeable porous media is relevant for a variety of applications, but poses a significant challenge due to the range of length and time scales. Multiscale methods that aim to link microstructure with the macroscopic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Mina Karimi , Kaushik Bhattacharya

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is the main approach to analyzing flow field. However, the convergence and accuracy depend largely on mathematical models of flow, numerical methods, and time consumption. Deep learning-based analysis of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Chang Liu

The topic of this study lies in the intersection of two fields. One is related with analyzing transport phenomena in complicated flows.For this purpose, we use so-called coherent sets: non-dispersing, possibly moving regions in the flow's…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Péter Koltai , Johannes von Lindheim , Sebastian Neumayer , Gabriele Steidl

We use persistent homology to build a quantitative understanding of large complex systems that are driven far-from-equilibrium; in particular, we analyze image time series of flow field patterns from numerical simulations of two important…

Modeling traffic distribution and extracting optimal flows in multilayer networks is of utmost importance to design efficient multi-modal network infrastructures. Recent results based on optimal transport theory provide powerful and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-24 Abdullahi Adinoyi Ibrahim , Alessandro Lonardi , Caterina De Bacco

The study of fluids has been a topic of intense research for several hundred years. Over the years, this has further increased due to improved computational facility, which makes it easy to numerically simulate the fluid dynamics, which was…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-03-05 Soumen Roy

We consider an optimal flow control problem in a patient-specific coronary artery bypass graft with the aim of matching the blood flow velocity with given measurements as the Reynolds number varies in a physiological range. Blood flow is…