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Primordial black holes (PBHs) may have formed through the gravitational collapse of cosmological perturbations that were generated and stretched during the inflationary era, later entering the cosmological horizon during the decelerating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-03 Tomohiro Harada

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a profound signature of primordial cosmological structures and provide a theoretical tool to study nontrivial physics of the early Universe. The mechanisms of PBH formation are discussed and observational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 M. Yu. Khlopov

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may be part of the dark matter. It is shown here that PBHs form more easily during cosmic phase transitions. For approximately scale-invariant primordial curvature fluctuations the PBH mass function may…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Karsten Jedamzik

Strongly supercooled first order phase transitions (FOPTs) can produce primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter (DM) along with observable gravitational waves (GWs) from bubble collisions. Such FOPTs may also produce coherent magnetic fields…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-24 Shyam Balaji , Malcolm Fairbairn , Maria Olalla Olea-Romacho

See thesis for complete abstract. Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early universe, and there are several mass windows in which their abundance today may be large enough to comprise a significant part of the dark matter density.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-06 Eloy de Jong

Primordial black holes (PBHs) produced in the early Universe have attracted wide interest for their ability to constitute dark matter and explain the compact binary coalescence. We propose a new mechanism of PBH production during…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-17 Jing Liu , Ligong Bian , Rong-Gen Cai , Zong-Kuan Guo , Shao-Jiang Wang

In this work, we explore the production of primordial black holes (PBHs) within the context of $\alpha$-attractor inflationary models, focusing on the preheating phase following inflation. During this phase, self-resonance instabilities…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-26 Daniel del-Corral , Paolo Gondolo , K. Sravan Kumar , João Marto

In this chapter we first describe the early history of primordial black hole (PBH) research. We then discuss their possible formation mechanisms, including critical collapse from inflationary fluctuations and various types of phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-24 Bernard Carr , Florian Kuhnel

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are, typically light, black holes which can form in the early Universe. There are a number of formation mechanisms, including the collapse of large density perturbations, cosmic string loops and bubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-07 Anne M. Green

In this paper we review the possible mechanisms for the production of primordial black holes (PBHs) during a slow-reheating period {in which the energy transfer of the inflaton field to standard model particles becomes effective at slow…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-07 Luis E. Padilla , Juan Carlos Hidalgo , Tadeo D. Gomez-Aguilar , Karim A. Malik , Gabriel German

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can generically form in inflationary setups through the collapse of enhanced cosmological perturbations, providing us access to the early Universe through their associated observational signatures. In the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Theodoros Papanikolaou , Andreas Lymperis , Smaragda Lola , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

We study Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) formed by the collapse of rare primordial fluctuations during an early period of Matter Domination. The collapse threshold strongly depends on the shape of the peaks, decreasing as they become flatter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-26 Ehsan Ebrahimian , Ali Akbar Abolhasani , Mehrdad Mirbabayi

Primordial black holes could potentially form during a first-order cosmological phase transition due to a build-up of particles which are predominantly reflected from the advancing bubble walls. After discussing the general mechanism, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Michael J. Baker , Moritz Breitbach , Joachim Kopp , Lukas Mittnacht

Primordial black holes (PBHs) could be formed if large perturbations are generated on small scales in inflation. We study a toy inflation model with a local minimum. The curvature perturbations are enhanced when the inflaton passes through…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-01 Bao-Min Gu , Fu-Wen Shu , Ke Yang , Yu-Peng Zhang

We study the possibility of production of primordial black holes (PBHs) from bubble collisions during a first-order phase transition. While typical colliding bubbles are small and irrelevant for PBH production, we find that those that can…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-20 Tae Hyun Jung , Takemichi Okui

We propose a novel mechanism where Primordial Black Hole (PBH) dark matter is formed much later in the history of the universe between the epoch of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photon decoupling. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-24 Amlan Chakraborty , Prolay K Chanda , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Subinoy Das

We perform fully nonlinear, spherically symmetric numerical simulations of superhorizon false-vacuum-domain (FVD) collapse in a coupled gravity-scalar-fluid system to study primordial black hole (PBH) formation during delayed first-order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-27 Zhuan Ning , Xiang-Xi Zeng , Rong-Gen Cai , Shao-Jiang Wang

We consider the formation of Q-balls in false vacuum remnants during a cosmological first-order phase transition. We find that under certain circumstances Q-balls can collapse to form primordial black holes. This scenario can produce…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-05-30 James B. Dent , Bhaskar Dutta , Jason Kumar , Danny Marfatia

We study the generation of primordial black holes (PBH) in a single field inflection point model of inflation wherein the effective potential is expanded up to the sextic order and the inversion symmetry is imposed such that only even…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-20 Nilanjandev Bhaumik , Rajeev Kumar Jain

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form as a result of primordial scalar perturbations at small scales. This PBH formation scenario has associated gravitational wave (GW) signatures from second-order GWs induced by the primordial curvature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-29 Jonathan Kozaczuk , Tongyan Lin , Ethan Villarama