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Two-player games on graphs are widely studied in formal methods as they model the interaction between a system and its environment. The game is played by moving a token throughout a graph to produce an infinite path. There are several…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Guy Avni , Thomas A. Henzinger , Ventsislav Chonev

Hex is a complex game with a high branching factor. For the first time Hex is being attempted to be solved without the use of game tree structures and associated methods of pruning. We also are abstaining from any heuristic information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Debangshu Banerjee

This paper studies sequential quantum games under the assumption that the moves of the players are drawn from groups and not just plain sets. The extra group structure makes possible to easily derive some very general results characterizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Theodore Andronikos

We consider games played on finite graphs, whose goal is to obtain a trace belonging to a given set of winning traces. We focus on those states from which Player 1 cannot force a win. We explore and compare several criteria for establishing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-11-12 Marco Faella

Repetition-based draw rules in deterministic games like chess ensure termination but introduce strategic artifacts, allowing players to enforce draws independent of positional value. We propose an asymmetric modification: threefold…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Chong Qi

The transitivity of preferences is one of the basic assumptions used in the theory of games and decisions. It is often equated with rationality of choice and is considered useful in building rankings. Intransitive preferences are considered…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Marcin Makowski , Edward W. Piotrowski , Jan Sładkowski

We introduce a new type of positional games, played on a vertex set of a graph. Given a graph $G$, two players claim vertices of $G$, where the outcome of the game is determined by the subgraphs of $G$ induced by the vertices claimed by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-03 Gal Kronenberg , Adva Mond , Alon Naor

We consider infinite-state turn-based stochastic games of two players, Box and Diamond, who aim at maximizing and minimizing the expected total reward accumulated along a run, respectively. Since the total accumulated reward is unbounded,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-08-09 Tomáš Brázdil , Antonín Kučera , Petr Novotný

We provide a self-contained introduction to finite extensive games with perfect information. In these games players proceed in turns having, at each stage, finitely many moves to their disposal, each play always ends, and in each play the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Krzysztof R. Apt , Sunil Simon

We introduce a two-player game, in which each player extends a given sequence by picking a free element in a domain D of the real line. The aim of the players is to control the parity of the number of transpositions necessary to put the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-06 Elise Janvresse , Steve Kalikow , Thierry De La Rue

We study a game where two players take turns selecting points of a convex geometry until the convex closure of the jointly selected points contains all the points of a given winning set. The winner of the game is the last player able to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-20 Stephanie McCoy , Nándor Sieben

We introduce quantitative reductions, a novel technique for structuring the space of quantitative games and solving them that does not rely on a reduction to qualitative games. We show that such reductions exhibit the same desirable…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Alexander Weinert

Sequential equilibrium is one of the most fundamental refinements of Nash equilibrium for games in extensive form. However, it is not defined for extensive-form games in which a player can choose among a continuum of actions. We define a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-29 Michael Greinecker , Martin Meier , Konrad Podczeck

Escalation is a typical feature of infinite games. Therefore tools conceived for studying infinite mathematical structures, namely those deriving from coinduction are essential. Here we use coinduction, or backward coinduction (to show its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-04-30 Pierre Lescanne , Perrinel Matthieu

Escalation is a typical feature of infinite games. Therefore tools conceived for studying infinite mathematical structures, namely those deriving from coinduction are essential. Here we use coinduction, or backward coinduction (to show its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-12-16 Pierre Lescanne , Perrinel Matthieu

We consider a dynamical approach to game in extensive forms. By restricting the convertibility relation over strategy profiles, we obtain a semi-potential (in the sense of Kukushkin), and we show that in finite games the corresponding…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Stéphane Le Roux , Arno Pauly

Something is definitely wrong. If the game has a linear winning strategy, then it is tractable. What's going on? Well, we describe a two-person game which has a definite winner, that is, a player who can force a win in a finite number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Aviezri S. Fraenkel

A notion of combinatorial game over a partially ordered set of atomic outcomes was recently introduced by Selinger. These games are appropriate for describing the value of positions in Hex and other monotone set coloring games. It is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-29 Eric Demer , Peter Selinger

In a two-player zero-sum graph game the players move a token throughout a graph to produce an infinite path, which determines the winner or payoff of the game. Traditionally, the players alternate turns in moving the token. In {\em bidding…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-12-22 Guy Avni , Ismaël Jecker , Đorđe Žikelić

Positional games are a well-studied class of combinatorial game. In their usual form, two players take turns to play moves in a set (`the board'), and certain subsets are designated as `winning': the first person to occupy such a set wins…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-12 J. Robert Johnson , Imre Leader , Mark Walters