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One of the biggest challenges of natural language generation (NLG) is the proper handling of named entities. Named entities are a common source of grammar mistakes such as wrong prepositions, wrong article handling, or incorrect entity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Aleksandr Chuklin , Justin Zhao , Mihir Kale

Pre-trained multilingual language models have become an important building block in multilingual natural language processing. In the present paper, we investigate a range of such models to find out how well they transfer discourse-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Murathan Kurfalı , Robert Östling

Despite impressive advancements in multilingual corpora collection and model training, developing large-scale deployments of multilingual models still presents a significant challenge. This is particularly true for language tasks that are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Łukasz Augustyniak , Szymon Woźniak , Marcin Gruza , Piotr Gramacki , Krzysztof Rajda , Mikołaj Morzy , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) have shown impressive capabilities on single-turn benchmarks, yet real-world applications often demand more intricate multi-turn dialogues. Existing multi-turn datasets (e.g, MMDU, ConvBench) only partially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Young-Jun Lee , Byung-Kwan Lee , Jianshu Zhang , Yechan Hwang , Byungsoo Ko , Han-Gyu Kim , Dongyu Yao , Xuankun Rong , Eojin Joo , Seung-Ho Han , Bowon Ko , Ho-Jin Choi

Boundary value analysis and testing (BVT) is fundamental in software quality assurance because faults tend to cluster at input extremes, yet testers often struggle to understand and justify why certain input-output pairs represent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Sabinakhon Akbarova , Felix Dobslaw , Robert Feldt

This work presents an extensive and detailed study on Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) for five widely spoken languages: Chinese, Spanish, English, Arabic, and French. We have collected large-scale datasets for each language except…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Sanath Narayan , Yasser Abdelaziz Dahou Djilali , Ankit Singh , Eustache Le Bihan , Hakim Hacid

English, as a very high-resource language, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same cannot be said for most other languages, as leading LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

In the field of emotion analysis, much NLP research focuses on identifying a limited number of discrete emotion categories, often applied across languages. These basic sets, however, are rarely designed with textual data in mind, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Nicholas Deas , Elsbeth Turcan , Iván Pérez Mejía , Kathleen McKeown

Most studies on word-level Quality Estimation (QE) of machine translation focus on language-specific models. The obvious disadvantages of these approaches are the need for labelled data for each language pair and the high cost required to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Tharindu Ranasinghe , Constantin Orasan , Ruslan Mitkov

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems are known to degrade when confronted with noisy data, especially when the system is trained only on clean data. In this paper, we show that augmenting training data with sentences containing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Antonios Anastasopoulos , Alison Lui , Toan Nguyen , David Chiang

We present Multi-EuP, a new multilingual benchmark dataset, comprising 22K multi-lingual documents collected from the European Parliament, spanning 24 languages. This dataset is designed to investigate fairness in a multilingual information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jinrui Yang , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn

The rapid proliferation of misinformation across online platforms underscores the urgent need for robust, up-to-date, explainable, and multilingual fact-checking resources. However, existing datasets are limited in scope, often lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Z. Melce Hüsünbeyi , Virginie Mouilleron , Leonie Uhling , Daniel Foppe , Tatjana Scheffler , Djamé Seddah

To address the need for a more comprehensive evaluation of French Natural Language Understanding (NLU), we introduce COLE, a new benchmark composed of 23 diverse task covering a broad range of NLU capabilities, including sentiment analysis,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 David Beauchemin , Yan Tremblay , Mohamed Amine Youssef , Richard Khoury

This paper investigates Multilingual Medical Question Answering across high-resource (English, Spanish, French, Italian) and low-resource (Basque, Kazakh) languages. We evaluate three types of external evidence sources across models of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Anar Yeginbergen , Maite Oronoz , Rodrigo Agerri

Multilingual language models have gained significant attention in recent years, enabling the development of applications that meet diverse linguistic contexts. In this paper, we present a comprehensive evaluation of three popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Sina Bagheri Nezhad , Ameeta Agrawal

Spoken Language Understanding infers semantic meaning directly from audio data, and thus promises to reduce error propagation and misunderstandings in end-user applications. However, publicly available SLU resources are limited. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Emanuele Bastianelli , Andrea Vanzo , Pawel Swietojanski , Verena Rieser

Truly real-life data presents a strong, but exciting challenge for sentiment and emotion research. The high variety of possible `in-the-wild' properties makes large datasets such as these indispensable with respect to building robust…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Lukas Stappen , Alice Baird , Lea Schumann , Björn Schuller

While BERT is an effective method for learning monolingual sentence embeddings for semantic similarity and embedding based transfer learning (Reimers and Gurevych, 2019), BERT based cross-lingual sentence embeddings have yet to be explored.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Fangxiaoyu Feng , Yinfei Yang , Daniel Cer , Naveen Arivazhagan , Wei Wang

India is a multilingual society with 1369 rationalized languages and dialects being spoken across the country (INDIA, 2011). Of these, the 22 scheduled languages have a staggering total of 1.17 billion speakers and 121 languages have more…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on Web data that might contain spelling errors made by humans. But do they become robust to similar real-world noise? In this paper, we investigate the effect of real-world spelling mistakes on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Amirhossein Aliakbarzadeh , Lucie Flek , Akbar Karimi