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Integrated silicon photonic devices, which manipulate light to transmit and process information on a silicon-on-insulator chip, are highly sensitive to structural variations. Minor deviations during nanofabrication-the precise process of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Rambod Azimi , Yijian Kong , Dusan Gostimirovic , James J. Clark , Odile Liboiron-Ladouceur

The novel whole-body PET system based on plastic scintillators is developed by the {J-PET} Collaboration. It consists of plastic scintillator strips arranged axially in the form of a cylinder, allowing the cost-effective construction of the…

AI-generated images are becoming increasingly realistic and diverse, posing significant challenges for generalizable detection. While Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) provide rich semantic representations and frequency-based methods capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Shuchang Zhou , Shangkun Wu , Jiwei Wei , Ke Liu , Ran Ran , Caiyan Qin , Yang Yang

A growing need exists for efficient and accurate methods for detecting defects in semiconductor materials and devices. These defects can have a detrimental impact on the efficiency of the manufacturing process, because they cause critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Thibault Lechien , Enrique Dehaerne , Bappaditya Dey , Victor Blanco , Sandip Halder , Stefan De Gendt , Wannes Meert

Multi-source stationary computed tomography (MSS-CT) offers significant advantages in medical and industrial applications due to its gantry-less scan architecture and/or capability of simultaneous multi-source emission. However, the lack of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-01-20 Yingxian Xia , Zhiqiang Chen , Li Zhang , Yuxiang Xing , Hewei Gao

Four-wave mixing has extensively been investigated for various applications such as communications, spectroscopy, metrology, quantum computing and bio-imaging. However, there is a clear desire to implement these functionalities in a small…

The occlusion problem remains a crucial challenge in optical flow estimation (OFE). Despite the recent significant progress brought about by deep learning, most existing deep learning OFE methods still struggle to handle occlusions; in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Bo Wang , Yifan Zhang , Jian Li , Yang Yu , Zhenping Sun , Li Liu , Dewen Hu

Scattering methods are widely used in many research areas to analyze and resolve material structures. Given the importance, a large number of full textbooks are devoted to this topic. However, technical details in experiments and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-04-02 Dingning Li , Kai Zhang

The increasing importance of well-controlled ordered nanostructures on surfaces represents a challenge for existing metrology techniques. To develop such nanostructures and monitor complex processing constraints fabrication, both a…

Scalable quantum technologies will present challenges for characterizing and tuning quantum devices. This is a time-consuming activity, and as the size of quantum systems increases, this task will become intractable without the aid of…

We present a computational study of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in amorphous silicon ($a$-Si) with particular emphasis on the morphology and microstructure of voids. The relationship between the scattering intensity in SAXS and the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-05-23 Durga Paudel , Raymond Atta-Fynn , David A. Drabold , Stephen R. Elliott , Parthapratim Biswas

We study the numerical solution of forward and inverse acoustic scattering problems by randomly shaped obstacles in three-dimensional space using a fast isogeometric boundary element method. Within the isogeometric framework, realizations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-29 Jürgen Dölz , Helmut Harbrecht , Carlos Jerez-Hanckes , Michael Multerer

Dispersion engineering in silicon nitride (SiX NY ) waveguides is investigated through the optimization of the waveguide transversal dimensions and refractive indices in a multi-cladding arrangement. Ultra-flat dispersion of -84.0 +/- 0.5…

The development of four-dimensional (4D) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) using fast detectors has opened-up new avenues for addressing some of long-standing challenges in electron imaging. One of these challenges is how to…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-19 Yu-Tsun Shao , Renliang Yuan , Haw-Wen Hsiao , Qun Yang , Yang Hu , Jian-Min Zuo

Accelerating the discovery of mechanical properties in combinatorial materials requires autonomous experimentation that accounts for both instrument behavior and experimental cost. Here, an automated nanoindentation (AE-NI) framework is…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-24 Vivek Chawla , Stephen Puplampu , Haochen Zhu , Philip D. Rack , Dayakar Penumadu , Sergei Kalinin

Metallization of Schottky surface gates by sputtering Au on strained Si/SiGe heterojunctions enables the depletion of the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at a relatively small voltage while maintaining an extremely low level of leakage…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 G. D. Scott , M. Xiao , E. T. Croke , E. Yablonovitch , H. W. Jiang

As the number of edge devices with computing resources (e.g., embedded GPUs, mobile phones, and laptops) increases, recent studies demonstrate that it can be beneficial to collaboratively run convolutional neural network (CNN) inference on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Xueyu Hou , Yongjie Guan , Tao Han , Ning Zhang

Glass materials play an increasingly important role in advanced technologies due to their superior physical properties. However, precise machining of glass remains a major challenge because of its brittleness and sensitivity to thermal and…

Interferometric particle imaging is a widely used optical measuring technique for the sizing of poly-dispersed spherical particles like droplets and bubbles. In its conventional approach, the method is limited to forward-scattering angles…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-03-29 Christian Sax , Maximilian Dreisbach , Jochen Kriegseis

We enhanced the total transmission of light through a disordered waveguide with spatially inhomogeneous scattering and loss by shaping the incident wavefront of a laser beam. Using an on-chip tapered lead, we were able to access all input…

Optics · Physics 2017-03-20 Raktim Sarma , Alexey Yamilov , Hui Cao