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We prove concentration bounds for the following classes of quantum states: (i) output states of shallow quantum circuits, answering an open question from [DPMRF22]; (ii) injective matrix product states; (iii) output states of dense…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-17 Anurag Anshu , Tony Metger

We present an approach, which we term quantum-enhanced optimization, to accelerate classical optimization algorithms by leveraging quantum sampling. Our method uses quantum-generated samples as warm starts to classical heuristics for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Ieva Čepaitė , Niam Vaishnav , Leo Zhou , Ashley Montanaro

Protein folding -- the problem of predicting the spatial structure of a protein given its sequence of amino-acids -- has attracted considerable research effort in biochemistry in recent decades. In this work, we explore the potential of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Sami Boulebnane , Xavier Lucas , Agnes Meyder , Stanislaw Adaszewski , Ashley Montanaro

Variational quantum algorithms are believed to be promising for solving computationally hard problems and are often comprised of repeated layers of quantum gates. An example thereof is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA),…

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising quantum heuristics for combinatorial optimization. While QAOA has been shown to perform well on small-scale instances and to provide an asymptotic speedup over…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a near-term quantum algorithm aimed at solving combinatorial optimization problems. Since its introduction, various generalizations have emerged, spanning modifications to the initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Truman Yu Ng , Jin Ming Koh , Dax Enshan Koh

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has emerged as a promising variational quantum algorithm for addressing NP hard combinatorial optimization problems. However, a significant limitation lies in optimizing its classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-22 Peter Gleißner , Georg Kruse , Andreas Roßkopf

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Multi-angle QAOA (MA-QAOA), which assigns independent parameters to each Hamiltonian operator…

We propose a machine learning based approach to accelerate quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) implementation which is a promising quantum-classical hybrid algorithm to prove the so-called quantum supremacy. In QAOA, a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum Approximate Optimisation (QAOA) is the most studied gate based variational quantum algorithm today. We train QAOA one layer at a time to maximize overlap with an $n$ qubit target state. Doing so we discovered that such training…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-22 E. Campos , D. Rabinovich , V. Akshay , J. Biamonte

We show that quantum computation can be performed in a system at thermal equilibrium if a spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs. The computing process is associated to the time evolution of the statistical average of the qubit coherence…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. de Pasquale , S. M. Giampaolo

Physically motivated classical heuristic optimization algorithms such as simulated annealing (SA) treat the objective function as an energy landscape, and allow walkers to escape local minima. It has been argued that quantum properties such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-05 Aniruddha Bapat , Stephen Jordan

We consider the maximum cut and maximum independent set problems on random regular graphs in the infinite-size limit, and calculate the energy densities achieved by QAOA for high degrees up to $d=100$. Such an analysis is possible because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Elisabeth Wybo , Martin Leib

Quantum dynamics can be analyzed via the structure of energy eigenstates. However, in the many-body setting, preparing eigenstates associated with finite temperatures requires time scaling exponentially with system size. In this work we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-11 Samuel J. Garratt , Soonwon Choi

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm, QAOA, uses a shallow depth quantum circuit to produce a parameter dependent state. For a given combinatorial optimization problem instance, the quantum expectation of the associated cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-12 Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Michael Broughton , Edward Farhi , Sam Gutmann , Hartmut Neven

Motivated by thermodynamic considerations, we analyse the variation of the quantum mutual information on a unitary orbit of a bipartite system's state, with and without global constraints such as energy conservation. We solve the full…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-01 Sania Jevtic , David Jennings , Terry Rudolph

Realistic physical implementations of quantum computers can entail tradeoffs which depart from the ideal model of quantum computation. Although these tradeoffs have allowed successful demonstration of certain quantum algorithms, a crucial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xinlan Zhou , Debbie W. Leung , Isaac L. Chuang

We explore strategies aimed at reducing the amount of computation, both quantum and classical, required to run the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). First, following Wurtz et al. [Phys.Rev A 104:052419], we consider the…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) requires that circuit parameters are determined that allow one to sample from high-quality solutions to combinatorial optimization problems. Such parameters can be obtained using either…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 David Headley , Frank K. Wilhelm

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a fundamental challenge in combinatorial optimization, widely applied in logistics and transportation. As the size of TSP instances grows, traditional algorithms often struggle to produce high-quality…