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Face presentation attack detection (PAD) plays an important role in defending face recognition systems against presentation attacks. The success of PAD largely relies on supervised learning that requires a huge number of labeled data, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Usman Muhammad , Mourad Oussalah

Audio has become an increasingly crucial biometric modality due to its ability to provide an intuitive way for humans to interact with machines. It is currently being used for a range of applications, including person authentication to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Rishabh Ranjan , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

AI-generated speech is becoming increasingly used in everyday life, powering virtual assistants, accessibility tools, and other applications. However, it is also being exploited for malicious purposes such as impersonation, misinformation,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Viola Negroni , Davide Salvi , Alessandro Ilic Mezza , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

State-of-the-art Active Speaker Detection (ASD) approaches heavily rely on audio and facial features to perform, which is not a sustainable approach in wild scenarios. Although these methods achieve good results in the standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Tiago Roxo , Joana C. Costa , Pedro R. M. Inácio , Hugo Proença

Visual voice activity detection (V-VAD) uses visual features to predict whether a person is speaking or not. V-VAD is useful whenever audio VAD (A-VAD) is inefficient either because the acoustic signal is difficult to analyze or because it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Sylvain Guy , Stéphane Lathuilière , Pablo Mesejo , Radu Horaud

In recent years, face biometric security systems are rapidly increasing, therefore, the presentation attack detection (PAD) has received significant attention from research communities and has become a major field of research. Researchers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Seyedkooshan Hashemifard , Mohammad Akbari

The low-cost, user-friendly, and convenient nature of Automatic Fingerprint Recognition Systems (AFRS) makes them suitable for a wide range of applications. This spreading use of AFRS also makes them vulnerable to various security threats.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Anuj Rai , Ashutosh Anshul , Ashwini Jha , Prayag Jain , Ramprakash Sharma , Somnath Dey

With the advances in deep learning, speaker verification has achieved very high accuracy and is gaining popularity as a type of biometric authentication option in many scenes of our daily life, especially the growing market of web services.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Ke Li , Cameron Baird , Dan Lin

In this paper, we show how to use audio to supervise the learning of active speaker detection in video. Voice Activity Detection (VAD) guides the learning of the vision-based classifier in a weakly supervised manner. The classifier uses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-30 Punarjay Chakravarty , Tinne Tuytelaars

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the factual accuracy of large language models (LLMs) by conditioning outputs on external knowledge sources. However, when retrieval involves private or sensitive data, RAG systems are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Haoran Wang , Xiongxiao Xu , Baixiang Huang , Kai Shu

Although face recognition systems have undergone an impressive evolution in the last decade, these technologies are vulnerable to attack presentations (AP). These attacks are mostly easy to create and, by executing them against the system's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lazaro Janier Gonzalez-Sole , Juan E. Tapia , Christoph Busch

Voice Activity Detection (VAD) refers to the task of identification of regions of human speech in digital signals such as audio and video. While VAD is a necessary first step in many speech processing systems, it poses challenges when there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Arnab Kumar Mondal , Prathosh A. P

Face Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) plays a pivotal role in securing face recognition systems against spoofing attacks. Although great progress has been made in designing face PAD methods, developing a model that can generalize well to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Usman Muhammad , Jorma Laaksonen , Djamila Romaissa Beddiar , Mourad Oussalah

Personalization of on-device speech recognition (ASR) has seen explosive growth in recent years, largely due to the increasing popularity of personal assistant features on mobile devices and smart home speakers. In this work, we present…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Shaojin Ding , Rajeev Rikhye , Qiao Liang , Yanzhang He , Quan Wang , Arun Narayanan , Tom O'Malley , Ian McGraw

Adversarial patch attacks present a significant threat to real-world object detectors due to their practical feasibility. Existing defense methods, which rely on attack data or prior knowledge, struggle to effectively address a wide range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Lihua Jing , Rui Wang , Wenqi Ren , Xin Dong , Cong Zou

Benchmarking initiatives support the meaningful comparison of competing solutions to prominent problems in speech and language processing. Successive benchmarking evaluations typically reflect a progressive evolution from ideal lab…

Personal Voice Activity Detection (PVAD) is crucial for identifying target speaker segments in the mixture, yet its performance heavily depends on the quality of speaker embeddings. A key practical limitation is the short enrollment…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Fuyuan Feng , Wenbin Zhang , Yu Gao , Longting Xu , Xiaofeng Mou , Yi Xu

The rapid spread of media content synthesis technology and the potentially damaging impact of audio and video deepfakes on people's lives have raised the need to implement systems able to detect these forgeries automatically. In this work…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Luigi Attorresi , Davide Salvi , Clara Borrelli , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

Speech and speaker recognition systems are employed in a variety of applications, from personal assistants to telephony surveillance and biometric authentication. The wide deployment of these systems has been made possible by the improved…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Hadi Abdullah , Kevin Warren , Vincent Bindschaedler , Nicolas Papernot , Patrick Traynor

Automatic speaker verification (ASV), one of the most important technology for biometric identification, has been widely adopted in security-critical applications. However, ASV is seriously vulnerable to recently emerged adversarial…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Haibin Wu , Po-chun Hsu , Ji Gao , Shanshan Zhang , Shen Huang , Jian Kang , Zhiyong Wu , Helen Meng , Hung-yi Lee