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We study price-discrimination games between buyers and a seller where privacy arises endogenously--that is, utility maximization yields equilibrium strategies where privacy occurs naturally. In this game, buyers with a high valuation for a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Nivasini Ananthakrishnan , Tiffany Ding , Mariel Werner , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Michael I. Jordan

We study procurement design when the buyer is uncertain about both the value of the good and the seller's cost. The buyer has a conjectured model but does not fully trust it. She first identifies mechanisms that maximize her worst-case…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-12-10 Debasis Mishra , Sanket Patil , Alessandro Pavan

A good group reputation often facilitates more efficient synergistic teamwork in production activities. Here we translate this simple motivation into a reputation-based synergy and discounting mechanism in the public goods game.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-04-09 Wenqiang Zhu , Xin Wang , Chaoqian Wang , Longzhao Liu , Hongwei Zheng , Shaoting Tang

We analyze reputation dynamics in an online market for illicit drugs using a novel dataset of prices and ratings. The market is a black market, and so contracts cannot be enforced. We study the role that reputation plays in alleviating…

Applications · Statistics 2017-03-07 Nick Janetos , Jan Tilly

Reputation and punishment are significant guidelines for regulating individual behavior in human society, and those with a good reputation are more likely to be imitated by others. In addition, society imposes varying degrees of punishment…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Gui Zhang , Yichao Yao , Ziyan Zeng , Minyu Feng , Manuel Chica

Despite many decades of research, economically grounded models that analyse energy consumption and energy-efficiency adoption within a unified framework remain underdeveloped. This article addresses this gap by proposing a model of…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-01 Anthony Britto , Carlos Oliveira , Max Kleinebrahm

In this paper, we propose a two-layer adoption-opinion model to study the diffusion of two competing technologies within a population whose opinions evolve under social influence and adoption-driven feedback. After adopting one technology,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Martina Alutto , Fabrizio Dabbene , Angela Fontan , Karl H. Johansson , Chiara Ravazzi

Indirect reciprocity is one of the main mechanisms to explain the emergence and sustainment of altruism in societies. The standard approach to indirect reciprocity are reputation models. These are games in which players base their decisions…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-05-29 Luis A. Martinez-Vaquero , José A. Cuesta

Consumers in many markets are uncertain about firms' qualities and costs, so buy based on both the price and the quality inferred from it. Optimal pricing depends on consumer heterogeneity only when firms with higher quality have higher…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2019-04-12 Sander Heinsalu

In repeated games, such as auctions, players rely on autonomous learning agents to choose their actions. We study settings in which players have their agents make monetary transfers to other agents during play at their own expense, in order…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yoav Kolumbus , Joe Halpern , Éva Tardos

Potential buyers of a product or service, before making their decisions, tend to read reviews written by previous consumers. We consider Bayesian consumers with heterogeneous preferences, who sequentially decide whether to buy an item of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-24 Etienne Boursier , Vianney Perchet , Marco Scarsini

The performance of an energy system under a real-time pricing mechanism depends on the consumption behavior of its customers, which involves uncertainties. In this paper, we consider a system operator that charges its customers with a…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Ceyhun Eksin , Hakan Delic , Alejandro Ribeiro

Recommendation systems rely on user-provided data to learn about item quality and provide personalized recommendations. An implicit assumption when aggregating ratings into item quality is that ratings are strong indicators of item quality.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Rana Shahout , Yehonatan Peisakhovsky , Sasha Stoikov , Nikhil Garg

The cognitive research on reputation has shown several interesting properties that can improve both the quality of services and the security in distributed electronic environments. In this paper, the impact of reputation on decision-making…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-28 Walter Quattrociocchi , Rosaria Conte

This paper studies learning in markets with aggregate uncertainty about whether trade is efficient. A long-lived seller offers prices to buyers, who are short-lived and arrive according to a Poisson process. A hidden state determines…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-01-14 Justus Preusser

As a firm varies the price of a product, consumers exhibit reference effects, making purchase decisions based not only on the prevailing price but also the product's price history. We consider the problem of learning such behavioral…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Abbas Kazerouni , Benjamin Van Roy

We study the problems of pricing an indivisible product to consumers who are embedded in a given social network. The goal is to maximize the revenue of the seller. We assume impatient consumers who buy the product as soon as the seller…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Zhigang Cao , Xujin Chen , Xiaodong Hu , Changjun Wang

An agent acquires information dynamically until her belief about a binary state reaches an upper or lower threshold. She can choose any signal process subject to a constraint on the rate of entropy reduction. Strategies are ordered by "time…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-08-23 Daniel Chen , Weijie Zhong

Due to popularization of internet and e-commerce, more and more people getting involved in online shopping market. A large number of companies have been transferred to the internet where online customers have been increased due to easy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Siddiqui Muhammad Yasir , Alam Gir , Jenny Lundberg

Before purchase, a buyer of an experience good learns about the product's fit using various information sources, including some of which the seller may be unaware of. The buyer, however, can conclusively learn the fit only after purchasing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Toomas Hinnosaar , Keiichi Kawai