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We analyze the quantum limit of sensitivity in four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM), which has emerged as a favored technique for imaging the structure of a wide variety of materials, including biological and…
The increasing importance of artificial intelligence and machine learning in materials research has created demand for automated, high-throughput characterization techniques capable of rapidly generating large data sets. We describe here a…
Layered materials (LMs) are at the centre of an ever increasing research effort due to their potential use in a variety of applications. The presence of imperfections, such as bi- or multilayer areas, holes, grain boundaries, isotropic and…
Coherent X-ray scattering techniques are critical for investigating the fundamental structural properties of materials at the nanoscale. While advancements have made these experiments more accessible, real-time analysis remains a…
Diffraction-based methods have become an invaluable tool for the detailed assessment of residual strain and stress within experimental mechanics. These methods typically measure a component of the average strain within a gauge volume. It is…
Discrete diffusion models (DDMs) have shown powerful generation ability for discrete data modalities like text and molecules. However, their practical application is hindered by inefficient sampling, requiring a large number of sampling…
Understanding the relationship between atomic structure (order) and chemical composition (chemistry) is critical for advancing materials science, yet traditional spectroscopic techniques can be slow and damaging to sensitive samples.…
In four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D STEM) a focused beam is scanned over a specimen and a diffraction pattern is recorded at each position using a pixelated detector. During the experiment, it must be ensured…
Localization microscopy is an imaging technique in which the positions of individual nanoscale point emitters (e.g. fluorescent molecules) are determined at high precision from their images. This is the key ingredient in…
Time-resolved mapping of lattice dynamics in real- and momentum-space is essential to understand better several ubiquitous phenomena such as heat transport, displacive phase transition, thermal conductivity, and many more. In this regard,…
Analyzing large X-ray diffraction (XRD) datasets is a key step in high-throughput mapping of the compositional phase diagrams of combinatorial materials libraries. Optimizing and automating this task can help accelerate the process of…
Nowadays, modern electron microscopes deliver images at atomic scale. The precise atomic structure encodes information about material properties. Thus, an important ingredient in the image analysis is to locate the centers of the atoms…
This work presents the new template matching capabilities implemented in Pyxem, an open source Python library for analyzing four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) data. Template matching is a brute force…
Ultrafast electron diffraction/microscopy technique enables us to investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of crystal structures in the femtosecond-nanosecond time domain. However, the electron diffraction intensities are in general…
Epitaxial growth has become a promising route to achieve highly crystalline continuous two-dimensional layers. However, high-quality layer production with expected electrical properties is still challenging due to the defects induced by the…
Ptychography, a coherent diffraction imaging technique, has become an indispensable tool in materials characterization, biological imaging, and nanostructure analysis due to its capability for high-resolution, lensless reconstruction of…
Analysis of distortions of the crystal lattice within individual mineral grains is central to the investigation of microscale processes that control and record tectonic events. These distortions are generally combinations of lattice…
Accurate grain orientation mapping is essential for understanding and optimizing the performance of polycrystalline materials, particularly in energy-related applications. Lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO$_{2}$) is a promising cathode material…
Automated experiments in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) require rapid image segmentation to optimize data representation for human interpretation, decision-making, site-selective spectroscopies, and atomic manipulation.…
Atomic resolution imaging in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning TEM (STEM) of light elements in electron-transparent materials has long been a challenge. Biomolecular materials, for example, are rapidly altered when…