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One of the main challenges in managing traffic at multilane intersections is ensuring smooth coordination between human-driven vehicles (HDVs) and connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). This paper presents a novel traffic signal control…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Manonmani Sekar , Nasim Nezamoddini

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) promise a range of societal advantages, including broader access to mobility, reduced road accidents, and enhanced transportation efficiency. However, evaluating the risks linked to AVs is complex due to limited…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Alessandro Zanardi , Andrea Censi , Margherita Atzei , Luigi Di Lillo , Emilio Frazzoli

Autonomous-driving research has recently embraced deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a promising framework for data-driven decision making, yet a clear picture of how these algorithms are currently employed, benchmarked and evaluated is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Elahe Delavari , Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

Autonomous driving is a highly anticipated approach toward eliminating roadway fatalities. At the same time, the bar for safety is both high and costly to verify. This work considers the role of remotely-located human operators supervising…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Cameron Hickert , Zhongxia Yan , Cathy Wu

Despite the rapid improvement of autonomous driving technology in recent years, automotive manufacturers must resolve liability issues to commercialize autonomous passenger car of SAE J3016 Level 3 or higher. To cope with the product…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Ho Suk , Taewoo Kim , Hyungbin Park , Pamul Yadav , Junyong Lee , Shiho Kim

The development of software components for autonomous driving functions should always include an extensive and rigorous evaluation. Since real-world testing is expensive and safety-critical -- especially when facing dynamic racing scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Tim Stahl , Johannes Betz

Weaving ramps are critical bottlenecks in highway networks due to conflicting traffic flows and complex interactions among heterogeneous vehicle types. In mixed-autonomy settings, the presence of controllable autonomous vehicles (AVs)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Kexin Wang , Haohui He , Ruolin Li

Comprehensive and efficient validation of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) is critical prior to real-world deployment. While simulation-based testing offers scalability, existing approaches often lack seamless integration with real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Kanglong Quan , Zhebing Xia , Linfeng Jiang , Hao Yu , Ziheng Qiao , Dapeng Dong , Dongyao Jia

High infraction rates remain the primary bottleneck for end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving, as evidenced by the low driving scores on the CARLA Leaderboard. Despite collision-related infractions being the dominant failure mode in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Alex Koran , Dimitrios Sinodinos , Hadi Hojjati , Takuya Nanri , Fangge Chen , Narges Armanfard

The fast development of technology and artificial intelligence has significantly advanced Autonomous Vehicle (AV) research, emphasizing the need for extensive simulation testing. Accurate and adaptable maps are critical in AV development,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zubair Islam , Ahmaad Ansari , George Daoud , Mohamed El-Darieby

The widescale deployment of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) appears to be imminent despite many safety challenges that are yet to be resolved. It is well-known that there are no universally agreed Verification and Validation (VV) methodologies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Autonomous driving is a research direction that has gained enormous traction in the last few years thanks to advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Depending on the level of independence from the human driver, several studies show…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Francesco Marchiori , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

In this paper, we explore the challenges associated with navigating complex T-intersections in dense traffic scenarios for autonomous vehicles (AVs). Reinforcement learning algorithms have emerged as a promising approach to address these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Badr Ben Elallid , Hamza El Alaoui , Nabil Benamar

This paper summarizes our formal approach to testing autonomous vehicles (AVs) in simulation for the IEEE AV Test Challenge. We demonstrate a systematic testing framework leveraging our previous work on formally-driven simulation for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Kesav Viswanadha , Francis Indaheng , Justin Wong , Edward Kim , Ellen Kalvan , Yash Pant , Daniel J. Fremont , Sanjit A. Seshia

There is tremendous global enthusiasm for research, development, and deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs), e.g., self-driving taxis and trucks from Waymo and Baidu. The current practice for testing AVs uses virtual tests-where AVs are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Sumaya Almanee , Xiafa Wu , Yuqi Huai , Qi Alfred Chen , Joshua Garcia

The cooperation of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) has shown great potential in improving traffic efficiency during intersection management. Existing research mainly focuses on intersections where lane changing is prohibited, which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Chaoyi Chen , Mengchi Cai , Jiawei Wang , Kai Li , Qing Xu , Jianqiang Wang , Keqiang Li

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) inch closer to reality, a central requirement for acceptance will be earning the trust of humans in everyday driving situations. In particular, the interaction between AVs and pedestrians is of high importance,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Nitin R. Kapania , Vijay Govindarajan , Francesco Borrelli , J. Christian Gerdes

Connected vehicle (CV) technology is among the most heavily researched areas in both the academia and industry. The vehicle to vehicle (V2V), vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) communication capabilities enable…

Testing autonomous vehicles in simulation environments is crucial. Sim-ATAV is an open-source framework developed for experimenting with different test generation techniques in simulation environments for research purposes. This document…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Cumhur Erkan Tuncali

Future Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV), and more generally ITS, will form a highly interconnected system. Such a paradigm is referred to as the Internet of Vehicles (herein Internet of CAVs) and is a prerequisite to orchestrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Xiaoyang Wang , Ioannis Mavromatis , Andrea Tassi , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Robert J. Piechocki