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An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu , Ho-Kuen Ng

An antimagic {labeling} of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a one-to-one mapping $f: E\rightarrow\{1,2,\ldots,|E|\}$, ensuring that the vertex sums in $V$ are pairwise distinct, where a vertex sum of a vertex $v$ is defined as the sum of the labels of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Kecai Deng

For a distance set $D$, an oriented graph $\overrightarrow{G}$ is $D$-antimagic if there exists a bijective vertex labeling such that the sum of all labels of $D$-out-neighbors is distinct for each vertex. This paper provides all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Ahmad Muchlas Abrar , Rinovia Simanjuntak

For any positive integer $h$, a graph $G=(V,E)$ is said to be $h$-magic if there exists a labeling $l:E(G)\to \mathbb{Z}_h -\{0\} $ such that the induced vertex set labeling $\ l^+ : V(G) \to \mathbb{Z}_h \ $ defined by $$ l^+ (v)=\sum_{uv…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Alvaro Carbonero , Dylan Obata

The Antimagic Graph Conjecture asserts that every connected graph $G = (V, E)$ except $K_2$ admits an edge labeling such that each label $1, 2, \dots, |E|$ is used exactly once and the sums of the labels on all edges incident to a given…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-06 Matthias Beck , Maryam Farahmand

Let $m\ge 1$ be an integer and $G$ be a graph with $m$ edges. We say that $G$ has an antimagic orientation if $G$ has an orientation $D$ and a bijection $\tau:A(D)\rightarrow \{1,2,\cdots,m\}$ such that no two vertices in $D$ have the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-13 Yuping Gao , Songling Shan

A signed tree-coloring of a signed graph $(G,\sigma)$ is a vertex coloring $c$ so that $G^{c}(i,\pm)$ is a forest for every $i\in c(u)$ and $u\in V(G)$, where $G^{c}(i,\pm)$ is the subgraph of $(G,\sigma)$ whose vertex set is the set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Weichan Liu , Chen Gong , Lifang Wu , Xin Zhang

A graph $G = (V, E)$ is called antimagic if there exists a bijective labelling $f : E \rightarrow \{1, 2, \ldots, |E|\}$ such that the vertex-sums of labels over edges incident to a given vertex are all distinct. In this paper, we extend…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Grégoire Beaudoire , Cédric Bentz , Christophe Picouleau

An antimagic labeling of a directed graph $D$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ arcs is a bijection from the set of arcs of $D$ to the integers $\{1, \cdots, m\}$ such that all $n$ oriented vertex sums are pairwise distinct, where an oriented…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-23 Songling Shan , Xiaowei Yu

A labeling of a digraph $D$ with $m$ arcs is a bijection from the set of arcs of $D$ to $\{1, \ldots, m\}$. A labeling of $D$ is antimagic if no two vertices in $D$ have the same vertex-sum, where the vertex-sum of a vertex $u\in V(D)$ for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-13 Tong Li , Zi-Xia Song , Guanghui Wang , Donglei Yang , Cun-Quan Zhang

An \emph{antimagic labeling} of a finite undirected simple graph with $m$ edges and $n$ vertices is a bijection from the set of edges to the integers $1,...,m$ such that all $n$ vertex sums are pairwise distinct, where a vertex sum is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yongxi Cheng

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices. For $i\in \{0,1\}$ and a connected graph $G$, a spanning forest $F$ of $G$ is called an $i$-perfect forest if every tree in $F$ is an induced subgraph of $G$ and exactly $i$ vertices of $F$ have even…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-09 Gregory Gutin , Anders Yeo

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph of size $m$ and $L$ a set of $m$ distinct real numbers. An $L$-labeling of $G$ is a bijection $\phi: E \rightarrow L$. We say that $\phi$ is an antimagic $L$-labeling if the induced vertex sum $\phi_+: V…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-10 Mercè Mora , Joaquín Tey

Graph labeling is a technique that assigns unique labels or weights to the vertices or edges of a graph, often used to analyze and solve various graph-related problems. There are few methods with certain limitations conducted by researchers…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Arafat Islam , Md. Imtiaz Habib

The induced arboricity of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of induced forests covering the edges of $G$. This is a well-defined parameter bounded from above by the number of edges of $G$ when each forest in a cover consists of exactly one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-01 Maria Axenovich , Daniel Goncalves , Jonathan Rollin , Torsten Ueckerdt

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is antimagic if there is a one-to-one correspondence $f: E \to \{1,2,\ldots, |E|\}$ such that for any two vertices $u,v$, $\sum_{e \in E(u)}f(e) \ne \sum_{e\in E(v)}f(e)$. It is known that bipartite regular graphs are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-29 Feihuang Chang , Yu-Chang Liang , Zhishi Pan , Xuding Zhu

In $1990$, Hartsfield and Ringel introduced antimagic graphs. Hartsfield and Ringel conjectured that every connected graph (and in particular, a tree) except $K_2$ is antimagic. In $2010$, Hefetz et al.\ raised two questions: Is every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Dr A. N. Bhavale

A $labeling$ of a digraph $D$ with $m$ arcs is a bijection from the set of arcs of $D$ to $\{1,2,\ldots,m\}$. A labeling of $D$ is $antimagic$ if no two vertices in $D$ have the same vertex-sum, where the vertex-sum of a vertex $u \in V(D)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-26 Chen Song , Rong-Xia Hao

An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V,E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f : E \to \{1, . . . , |E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x) \ne f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu , Chee-Xian Soo

We prove that for any positive integers $k$ and $d$, if a graph $G$ has maximum average degree at most $2k + \frac{2d}{d+k+1}$, then $G$ decomposes into $k+1$ pseudoforests $C_{1},\ldots,C_{k+1}$ such that there is an $i$ such that for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Logan Grout , Benjamin Moore