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Humor, deeply rooted in societal meanings and cultural details, poses a unique challenge for machines. While advances have been made in natural language processing, real-world humor often thrives in a multi-modal context, encapsulated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuyan Chen , Songzhou Yan , Zhihong Zhu , Zhixu Li , Yanghua Xiao

Memes are graphics and text overlapped so that together they present concepts that become dubious if one of them is absent. It is spread mostly on social media platforms, in the form of jokes, sarcasm, motivating, etc. After the success of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Tariq Habib Afridi , Aftab Alam , Muhammad Numan Khan , Jawad Khan , Young-Koo Lee

A meme is an part of media created to share an opinion or emotion across the internet. Due to its popularity, memes have become the new forms of communication on social media. However, due to its nature, they are being used in harmful ways…

Much work in the space of NLP has used computational methods to explore sociolinguistic variation in text. In this paper, we argue that memes, as multimodal forms of language comprised of visual templates and text, also exhibit meaningful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Naitian Zhou , David Jurgens , David Bamman

Internet Memes remain a challenging form of user-generated content for automated sentiment classification. The availability of labelled memes is a barrier to developing sentiment classifiers of multimodal memes. To address the shortage of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Muzhaffar Hazman , Susan McKeever , Josephine Griffith

Hateful memes are an emerging method of spreading hate on the internet, relying on both images and text to convey a hateful message. We take an interpretable approach to hateful meme detection, using machine learning and simple heuristics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Tanvi Deshpande , Nitya Mani

Today's Internet is awash in memes as they are humorous, satirical, or ironic which make people laugh. According to a survey, 33% of social media users in age bracket [13-35] send memes every day, whereas more than 50% send every week. Some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Shraman Pramanick , Md Shad Akhtar , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Memes are a dominant medium for online communication and manipulation because meaning emerges from interactions between embedded text, imagery, and cultural context. Existing meme research is distributed across tasks (hate, misogyny,…

This paper presents a robust solution to the Memotion 3.0 Shared Task. The goal of this task is to classify the emotion and the corresponding intensity expressed by memes, which are usually in the form of images with short captions on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Yu-Chien Tang , Kuang-Da Wang , Ting-Yun Ou , Wen-Chih Peng

Meme is an interesting word. Internet memes offer unique insights into the changes in our perception of the world, the media and our own lives. If you surf the Internet for long enough, you will see it somewhere on the Internet. With the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Zhiyuan Liu , Chuanzheng Sun , Yuxin Jiang , Shiqi Jiang , Mei Ming

Online memes are a powerful yet challenging medium for content moderation, often masking harmful intent behind humor, irony, or cultural symbolism. Conventional moderation systems "especially those relying on explicit text" frequently fail…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Sayantan Adak , Somnath Banerjee , Rajarshi Mandal , Avik Halder , Sayan Layek , Rima Hazra , Animesh Mukherjee

The ever-evolving social media discourse has witnessed an overwhelming use of memes to express opinions or dissent. Besides being misused for spreading malcontent, they are mined by corporations and political parties to glean the public's…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Shivam Sharma , Ramaneswaran S , Md. Shad Akhtar , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Memes are one of the most popular types of content used to spread information online. They can influence a large number of people through rhetorical and psychological techniques. The task, Detection of Persuasion Techniques in Texts and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Kshitij Gupta , Devansh Gautam , Radhika Mamidi

In recent years, the growing ubiquity of Internet memes on social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, has become a topic of immense interest. However, the classification and recognition of memes is much more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Li Yuan , Jin Wang , Xuejie Zhang

Social media, as a means for computer-mediated communication, has been extensively used to study the sentiment expressed by users around events or topics. There is however a gap in the longitudinal study of how sentiment evolved in social…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Wenjie Yin , Rabab Alkhalifa , Arkaitz Zubiaga

With the rapid rise of social media and Internet culture, memes have become a popular medium for expressing emotional tendencies. This has sparked growing interest in Meme Emotion Understanding (MEU), which aims to classify the emotional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yi Shi , Wenlong Meng , Zhenyuan Guo , Chengkun Wei , Wenzhi Chen

Multimodal image-text memes are prevalent on the internet, serving as a unique form of communication that combines visual and textual elements to convey humor, ideas, or emotions. However, some memes take a malicious turn, promoting hateful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Giovanni Burbi , Alberto Baldrati , Lorenzo Agnolucci , Marco Bertini , Alberto Del Bimbo

Research into the classification of Image with Text (IWT) troll memes has recently become popular. Since the online community utilizes the refuge of memes to express themselves, there is an abundance of data in the form of memes. These…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Shardul Suryawanshi , Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi , Mihael Arcan , Suzanne Little , Paul Buitelaar

Multimodal sentiment analysis is an important area for understanding the user's internal states. Deep learning methods were effective, but the problem of poor interpretability has gradually gained attention. Previous works have attempted to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Sixia Li , Shogo Okada

This paper covers the two approaches for sentiment analysis: i) lexicon based method; ii) machine learning method. We describe several techniques to implement these approaches and discuss how they can be adopted for sentiment classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Olga Kolchyna , Tharsis T. P. Souza , Philip Treleaven , Tomaso Aste