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To address the fundamental limitations imposed by chromatic dispersion and environmental susceptibility in standard single-mode fiber (SMF) for long-haul high-precision time transfer, we systematically explore the application potential of…

The realization of International Height Reference System (IHRS) is one of the major tasks of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). A main component of the IHRS realization is the global vertical datum unification, which requires…

Geophysics · Physics 2020-08-14 Ziyu Shen , Wen-Bin Shen , Shuangxi Zhang

There are a lot of oscillatory motions of various kinds in the atmosphere, for example, internal gravity waves (IGW), which have a period less than the time of flight of the radiosonde. Oscillatory motions lead to adiabatic cooling during…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Aloexander V. Kochin

Space-borne gravitational wave detection will open the observation window in the 0.1 mHz$-$1 Hz bandwidth, playing a crucial role in the development of cosmology and physics. Precise clock synchronization among satellites is essential for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-04 Ming-Yang Xua , Yu-Jie Tan , Ning Ma , Ao-Ting Fang , Yi-Jun Xia , Cheng-Gang Shao

By using two-way frequency transfer, we demonstrate ultra-high resolution comparison of optical frequencies over a telecommunication fiber link of 100 km operating simultaneously digital data transfer. We first propose and experiment a…

This letter provides a comparison of indoor radio propagation measurements and corresponding channel statistics at 28, 73, and 140 GHz, based on extensive measurements from 2014-2020 in an indoor office environment. Side-by-side comparisons…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Yunchou Xing , Theodore S. Rappaport , Amitava Ghosh

A partially alternative derivation of the expression for the time dilation effect in a uniform static gravitational field is obtained by means of a thought experiment in which rates of clocks at rest at different heights are compared using…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Marco Alberici

High-precision time transfer is of fundamental interest in physics and metrology. Quantum time transfer technologies that use frequency-entangled pulses and their coincidence detection have been proposed, offering potential enhancements in…

We demonstrate combined high-fidelity long-haul transfer of a linearly chirped, optical frequency and time transfer. In a proof-of-principle experiment we transfer an optical frequency with a linear chirp of around 238 kHz/s via a…

Optics · Physics 2014-03-04 S. M. F. Raupach , G. Grosche

We consider two transceivers, the first with perfect clock and the second with imperfect clock. We investigate the joint estimation of the delay between the transceivers and the offset and the drift of the imperfect clock. We propose a…

Applications · Statistics 2014-06-27 Achraf Mallat , Luc Vandendorpe

Correlation coefficient is usually used to measure the correlation degree between two time signals. However, its performance will drop or even fail if the signals are noised. Based on the time-frequency phase spectrum (TFPS) provided by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-07 Zhen Sun , Guocheng Wang , Xiaoqing Su , Xinghui Liang , Lintao Liu

Global Positioning System (GPS) dissemination of frequency standards is ubiquitous at present, providing the most widespread time and frequency reference for the majority of industrial and research applications worldwide. On the other hand,…

Atomic clocks have recently reached a fractional timing precision of $<10^{-18}$. We point out that an array of atomic clocks, distributed along the Earth's orbit around the Sun, will have the sensitivity needed to detect the time dilation…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-29 Abraham Loeb , Dan Maoz

Many applications require positioning. Time of Flight (ToF) methods calculate distances by measuring the propagation time of signals. We present a novel ToF localization method. Our new approach works infrastructure-less, without…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Maximilian von Tschirschnitz , Marcel Wagner , Marc-Oliver Pahl , Georg Carle

We constructed a transportable 40Ca+ optical clock (with an estimated minimum systematic shift uncertainty of 1.3*10^(-17) and a stability of 5*10^(-15)/sqrt{tau} ) that can operate outside the laboratory. We transported it from the…

Chronometric levelling is a novel technique for the realisation of the International Height Reference System (IHRS). A detailed study of this technique is carried out through closed-loop simulations, aiming to unify regional/local height…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-19 Asha Vincent , Jürgen Müller , Christian Lisdat , Dennis Philipp

Astronomy observation is difficult in urban environments due to the background noise generated by human activities. Consequently, promoting astronomy in metropolitan areas is challenging. In this work, we propose a low-cost, educational…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-29 Leo W. H. Fung , Albert Wai Kit Lau , Ka Hung Chan , Ming Tony Shing

Previously a mathematical approach has been developed for calculation of the propagation time of a signal, emitted by a moving along an elliptical orbit satellite, with account also for the General Relativity Theory (GRT) effects. The…

General Physics · Physics 2025-01-09 Bogdan G. Dimitrov

The passage of time is tracked by counting oscillations of a frequency reference, such as Earth's revolutions or swings of a pendulum. By referencing atomic transitions, frequency (and thus time) can be measured more precisely than any…

Recent developments related to the energy transition pose particular challenges for distribution grids. Hence, precise load forecasts become more and more important for effective grid management. Novel modeling approaches such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Elena Giacomazzi , Felix Haag , Konstantin Hopf
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