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Graph Neural Networks achieve state-of-the-art performance on a plethora of graph classification tasks, especially due to pooling operators, which aggregate learned node embeddings hierarchically into a final graph representation. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Alexandre Duval , Fragkiskos Malliaros

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which generalize deep neural networks to graph-structured data, have drawn considerable attention and achieved state-of-the-art performance in numerous graph related tasks. However, existing GNN models mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Zhen Zhang , Jiajun Bu , Martin Ester , Jianfeng Zhang , Chengwei Yao , Zhi Yu , Can Wang

Recently, there has been considerable research interest in graph clustering aimed at data partition using the graph information. However, one limitation of the most of graph-based methods is that they assume the graph structure to operate…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Yiming Wang , Dongxia Chang , Zhiqian Fu , Yao Zhao

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful tools for graph classification. One important operation for GNNs is the downsampling or pooling that can learn effective embeddings from the node representations. In this paper, we propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Zhehan Zhao , Lu Bai , Lixin Cui , Ming Li , Yue Wang , Lixiang Xu , Edwin R. Hancock

Graph pooling has gained attention for its ability to obtain effective node and graph representations for various downstream tasks. Despite the recent surge in graph pooling approaches, there is a lack of standardized experimental settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Pengyun Wang , Junyu Luo , Yanxin Shen , Ming Zhang , Shaoen Qin , Hanwen Xing , Siyu Heng , Xiao Luo

Recent work in graph neural networks (GNNs) has led to improvements in molecular activity and property prediction tasks. Unfortunately, GNNs often fail to capture the relative importance of interactions between molecular substructures, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Emmanuel Noutahi , Dominique Beaini , Julien Horwood , Sébastien Giguère , Prudencio Tossou

Deep Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are useful models for graph classification and graph-based regression tasks. In these tasks, graph pooling is a critical ingredient by which GNNs adapt to input graphs of varying size and structure. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Yu Guang Wang , Ming Li , Zheng Ma , Guido Montufar , Xiaosheng Zhuang , Yanan Fan

Graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) are a powerful extension of deep learning techniques to graph-structured data problems. We empirically evaluate several pooling methods for GCNNs, and combinations of those graph pooling methods…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-08 Mark Cheung , John Shi , Lavender Yao Jiang , Oren Wright , José M. F. Moura

Graph Machine Learning often involves the clustering of nodes based on similarity structure encoded in the graph's topology and the nodes' attributes. On homophilous graphs, the integration of pooling layers has been shown to enhance the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Amy Feng , Melanie Weber

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have enabled major advances in image classification through convolution and pooling. In particular, image pooling transforms a connected discrete grid into a reduced grid with the same connectivity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Stevan Stanovic , Benoit Gaüzère , Luc Brun

We propose a novel method for comparing non-aligned graphs of different sizes, based on the Wasserstein distance between graph signal distributions induced by the respective graph Laplacian matrices. Specifically, we cast a new formulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Hermina Petric Maretic , Mireille El Gheche , Matthias Minder , Giovanni Chierchia , Pascal Frossard

In this paper, we develop a novel local graph pooling method, namely the Separated Subgraph-based Hierarchical Pooling (SSHPool), for graph classification. We commence by assigning the nodes of a sample graph into different clusters,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Zhuo Xu , Lixin Cui , Ming Li , Yue Wang , Ziyu Lyu , Hangyuan Du , Lu Bai , Philip S. Yu , Edwin R. Hancock

Advanced methods of applying deep learning to structured data such as graphs have been proposed in recent years. In particular, studies have focused on generalizing convolutional neural networks to graph data, which includes redefining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Junhyun Lee , Inyeop Lee , Jaewoo Kang

Many machine learning problems can be seen as approximating a \textit{target} distribution using a \textit{particle} distribution by minimizing their statistical discrepancy. Wasserstein Gradient Flow can move particles along a path that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-07 Song Liu , Jiahao Yu , Jack Simons , Mingxuan Yi , Mark Beaumont

In graph neural networks (GNNs), pooling operators compute local summaries of input graphs to capture their global properties, and they are fundamental for building deep GNNs that learn hierarchical representations. In this work, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Filippo Maria Bianchi , Daniele Grattarola , Lorenzo Livi , Cesare Alippi

Brain surface analysis is essential to neuroscience, however, the complex geometry of the brain cortex hinders computational methods for this task. The difficulty arises from a discrepancy between 3D imaging data, which is represented in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Karthik Gopinath , Christian Desrosiers , Herve Lombaert

Pooling is a crucial operation in computer vision, yet the unique structure of skeletons hinders the application of existing pooling strategies to skeleton graph modelling. In this paper, we propose an Improved Graph Pooling Network,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Cong Wu , Xiao-Jun Wu , Tianyang Xu , Josef Kittler

The spatial convolution layer which is widely used in the Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) aggregates the feature vector of each node with the feature vectors of its neighboring nodes. The GNN is not aware of the locations of the nodes in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Mostafa Rahmani , Ping Li

Variational inference is a technique that approximates a target distribution by optimizing within the parameter space of variational families. On the other hand, Wasserstein gradient flows describe optimization within the space of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-01 Mingxuan Yi , Song Liu

A pooling operation is essential for effective graph-level representation learning, where the node drop pooling has become one mainstream graph pooling technology. However, current node drop pooling methods usually keep the top-k nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Chuang Liu , Yibing Zhan , Baosheng Yu , Liu Liu , Bo Du , Wenbin Hu , Tongliang Liu