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A new construction of naturally reductive spaces is presented. This construction gives a large amount of new families of naturally reductive spaces. First the infinitesimal models of the new naturally reductive spaces are constructed. A…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-05-03 Reinier Storm

The theory of relativity showed that several Newtonian ideas about spacetime are imperfect. We present here some relativistic concepts related to these ideas: simultaneity of events and synchronization of clocks (both along a line in the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2011-07-08 F. M. Paiva , A. F. F. Teixeira

Latent-space optimization methods for counterfactual explanations - framed as minimal semantic perturbations that change model predictions - inherit the ambiguity of Wachter et al.'s objective: the choice of distance metric dictates whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Eslam Zaher , Maciej Trzaskowski , Quan Nguyen , Fred Roosta

Any representational enterprise must omit variation in order to function. NASA still uses Newtonian mechanics, though Einstein superseded Newton, and the standard picture of scientific progress cannot explain how. A description that omitted…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Harry Sticker

We define a new paradigm --- postrelativity --- based on the hypothesis of a preferred hidden Newtonian frame in relativistic theories. It leads to a modification of general relativity with ether interpretation, without topological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Ilja Schmelzer

Mathematical theory of an observer is elaborated upon the basis of A.Poincare's ideas on the nature of geometry and the role of observer's perceptive space. The said theory is generalizing reference frames theory in GR. Physical structure…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-10-30 Anna Astakhova , Kirill Goodz , Sergey Kokarev

Quantum gravity's suggestion that spacetime may be emergent and so only exist contingently would force a radical reconception of extant analyses of laws of nature. Humeanism presupposes a spatiotemporal mosaic of particular matters of fact…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-08-29 Vincent Lam , Christian Wüthrich

Space and time are central concepts for understanding our World. They are important ingredients at the core of every scientific theory and subject of intense debate in philosophy. Albert Einstein's Special and General theories of Relativity…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-08-06 Luciano Combi

Numerical simulations are a versatile tool providing insight into the complicated process of structure formation in cosmology. This process is mainly governed by gravity, which is the dominant force on large scales. To date, a century after…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-04 Julian Adamek , David Daverio , Ruth Durrer , Martin Kunz

We review an approach to non-commutative geometry, where models are constructed by quantisation of the coordinates. In particular we focus on the full DFR model and its irreducible components; the (arbitrary) restriction to a particular…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-09-24 Gherardo Piacitelli

Barbour's interpretation of Mach's principle led him to postulate that gravity should be formulated as a dynamical theory of spatial conformal geometry, or in his terminology, "shapes." Recently, it was shown that the dynamics of General…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-03 H. Gomes , T. Koslowski

I stress that spacetime is a redundant abstraction, since describing the physical content of all so-called "space-time measurements" only requires timing (by a physical/material clock) of particle detections (at a physical/material…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-05-09 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

The idea of a moving present or `now' seems to form part of our most basic beliefs about reality. Such a present, however, is not reflected in any of our theories of the physical world. I show in this article that presentism, the doctrine…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-03-20 Gustavo E. Romero

With the aid of a Fermi-Walker chart associated with an orthonormal frame attached to a time-like curve in spacetime, a discussion is given of relativistic balance laws that may be used to construct models of massive particles with spin,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Robin W. Tucker

Shape dynamics is an alternative background-independent approach to classical dynamics that implements Leibnizian philosophy and Mach's Principles. It is a formulation of the dynamics of the universe in terms of the intrinsic and relational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-21 Pooya Farokhi

Relationalism -- along the lines developed by Barbour and collaborators in the past 3 decades -- can be considered an advance with 1/4 of the facets of the canonical approach's Problem of Time as identified by Isham and Kuchar. Indeed,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-19 Edward Anderson

We employ a perturbative analysis to study the evolution of large-scale peculiar velocity fields within the framework of Newtonian gravity and then compare our results to those of the corresponding relativistic treatment. In so doing, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-22 Konstantinos Filippou , Christos G. Tsagas

Riemann's principle "force equals geometry" provided the basis for Einstein's General Relativity - the geometric theory of gravitation. In this paper, we follow this principle to derive the dynamics for any static, conservative force. The…

General Physics · Physics 2019-12-19 Y. Friedman , T. Scarr , J. Steiner

We present constructive versions of Krull's dimension theory for commutative rings and distributive lattices. The foundations of these constructive versions are due to Joyal, Espan\~ol and the authors. We show that this gives a constructive…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-12-14 Thierry Coquand , Henri Lombardi

I describe a constructive foundation for Quantum Mechanics, based on the discreteness of the degrees of freedom of quantum objects and on the Principle of Relativity. Taking Einstein's historical construction of Special Relativity as a…

General Physics · Physics 2018-01-10 Walter Smilga