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This work proves new probability bounds relating to the height, width, and size of Galton-Watson trees. For example, if $T$ is any Galton-Watson tree, and $H$, $W$, and $|T|$ are the height, width, and size of $T$, respectively, then $H/W$…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-03 Louigi Addario-Berry

In this paper, we introduce the prime trees associated with a finite subset $P$ of the set of all prime numbers, and provide conditions under which the tree is of finite type. Moreover, we compute the density of finite-type subsets $P$. As…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Yusuke Fujiyoshi

In this article we compare the known dynamical polynomial time algorithm for the game-over attack strategy, to that of the brute force approach; of checking all the ordered rooted subtrees of a given tree that represents a given computer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Geir Agnarsson , Elie Alhajjar , Aleyah Dawkins

We study properties of the harmonic measure of balls in typical large discrete trees. For a ball of radius $n$ centered at the root, we prove that, although the size of the boundary is of order $n$, most of the harmonic measure is supported…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-04 Nicolas Curien , Jean-François Le Gall

We study random Peano paths on planar square grids that arise from fair random spanning trees. These are trees that are sampled in such a way as to have the same (if possible) edge probabilities. In particular, we are interested in…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Nathan Albin , Joan Lind , Pietro Poggi-Corradini

We consider various classes of Motzkin trees as well as lambda-terms for which we derive asymptotic enumeration results. These classes are defined through various restrictions concerning the unary nodes or abstractions, respectively: We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-06 Olivier Bodini , Danièle Gardy , Bernhard Gittenberger , Zbigniew Gołębiewski

It is well-known that the height profile of a critical conditioned Galton-Watson tree with finite offspring variance converges, after a suitable normalization, to the local time of a standard Brownian excursion. In this work, we study the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-22 Gabriel Berzunza Ojeda , Svante Janson

The probability distribution P(k) of the sizes k of critical trees (branching ratio m=1) is well known to show a power-law behavior k^(-3/2). Such behavior corresponds to the mean-field approximation for many critical and self-organized…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paolo De Los Rios

By introducing a new measure for the infinite Galton-Watson process and providing estimates for (discrete) Green's functions on trees, we establish the asymptotic behavior of the capacity of critical branching random walks: in high…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-12 Tianyi Bai , Yijun Wan

Fix an integer h>=1. In the universe of coloured trees of height at most h, we prove that for any graph decision problem defined by an MSO formula with r quantifiers, there exists a set of kernels, each of size bounded by an elementary…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Jakub Gajarsky , Petr Hlineny

We consider the random Markov matrix obtained by assigning i.i.d. non-negative weights to each edge of the complete oriented graph. In this study, the weights have unbounded first moment and belong to the domain of attraction of an…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-30 Charles Bordenave , Pietro Caputo , Djalil Chafaï , Daniele Piras

We study the typical behavior of the harmonic measure of balls in large critical Galton-Watson trees whose offspring distribution has finite variance. The harmonic measure considered here refers to the hitting distribution of height $n$ by…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-04 Shen Lin

The recursive and hierarchical structure of full rooted trees is applicable to represent statistical models in various areas, such as data compression, image processing, and machine learning. In most of these cases, the full rooted tree is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-24 Yuta Nakahara , Shota Saito , Akira Kamatsuka , Toshiyasu Matsushima

We study a model of random weighted uniform spanning trees on the complete graph with $n$ vertices, where each edge is assigned a weight of $n^{1+\gamma}$ with probability $1/n$ and $1$ otherwise. Whenever $\gamma$ is large enough, we prove…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Umberto De Ambroggio , Luca Makowiec

An $\alpha$-thin tree $T$ of a graph $G$ is a spanning tree such that every cut of $G$ has at most an $\alpha$ proportion of its edges in $T$. The Thin Tree Conjecture proposes that there exists a function $f$ such that for any $\alpha >…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Alice Moayyedi

We discuss scaling limits of large bipartite planar maps. If p is a fixed integer strictly greater than 1, we consider a random planar map M(n) which is uniformly distributed over the set of all 2p-angulations with n faces. Then, at least…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-11-11 Jean-Francois Le Gall

We compute the magnitude (an isometric invariant of metric spaces) of compact $\mathbb{R}$-trees and show that it equals $1 + L/2$, where $L \in [0, \infty]$ denotes the total length. Although length is the only geometric invariant captured…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Philippe Bouafia

In discrete contexts such as the degree distribution for a graph, \emph{scale-free} has traditionally been \emph{defined} to be \emph{power-law}. We propose a reasonable interpretation of \emph{scale-free}, namely, invariance under the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Richard Arratia , Thomas M. Liggett , Malcolm J. Williamson

In this article a collection of random self-similar fractal dendrites is constructed, and their Hausdorff dimension is calculated. Previous results determining this quantity for random self-similar structures have relied on geometrical…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-23 David A. Croydon

Uniform spanning trees are a statistical model obtained by taking the set of all spanning trees on a given graph (such as a portion of a cubic lattice in d dimensions), with equal probability for each distinct tree. Some properties of such…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 N. Read