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Parallel processing is a principle which enables simultaneous implementation of anesthesia induction and operating room (OR) turnover with the aim of improving OR utilization. In this article, we study the problem of scheduling surgeries…
Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) offer a practical alternative for addressing logistical challenges and ensuring feasibility in community health, education, and prevention studies, even though randomized controlled trials are considered the…
It is generally appreciated that a frequentist analysis of a group sequential trial must in order to avoid inflating type I error account for the fact that one or more interim analyses were performed. It is also to a lesser extent realised…
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often intrinsically resistant to several first- and second-line therapeutics and can rapidly acquire further resistance after a patient begins receiving treatment. Treatment outcomes are therefore…
Treatment policy estimands are frequently favored by regulators, as they assess the effect of treatment assignment regardless of post-randomization events. Despite best efforts, missing data due to study discontinuation cannot be fully…
The paper considers two different designs; a two-arm superiority cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a continuous outcome, and a twoarm superiority cluster RCT with a binary outcome. From a Bayesian perspective, for the analysis…
Recent advances in deep learning architectures for sequence modeling have not fully transferred to tasks handling time-series from electronic health records. In particular, in problems related to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the…
It is well known that the employed triggering scheme has great impact on the control performance when control loops operate under scarce communication resources. Various practical and simulative works have demonstrated the potential of…
Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for comparing the effectiveness of a new treatment to the current one (the control). Most RCTs allocate the patients to the treatment group and the control group by uniform…
Most clinical trials involve the comparison of a new treatment to a control arm (e.g., the standard of care) and the estimation of a treatment effect. External data, including historical clinical trial data and real-world observational…
Treatment effect estimation in continuous time is crucial for personalized medicine. However, existing methods for this task are limited to point estimates of the potential outcomes, whereas uncertainty estimates have been ignored. Needless…
Observational studies provide the only evidence on the effectiveness of interventions when randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are impractical due to cost, ethical concerns, or time constraints. While many methodologies aim to draw causal…
In response to the continuously changing feedstock supply and market demand for products with different specifications, the processes need to be operated at time-varying operating conditions and targets (e.g., setpoints) to improve the…
Time series models such as dynamical systems are frequently fitted to a cohort of data, ignoring variation between individual entities such as patients. In this paper we show how these models can be personalised to an individual level while…
Multi-arm bandits are gaining popularity as they enable real-world sequential decision-making across application areas, including clinical trials, recommender systems, and online decision-making. Consequently, there is an increased desire…
We consider the problem of sequentially testing for changes in the mean parameter of a time series, compared to a benchmark period. Most tests in the literature focus on the null hypothesis of a constant mean versus the alternative of a…
Leveraging external or historical data to improve the efficiency of randomized clinical trials without introducing bias or inflating the Type I error rate remains challenging. Recent work on externally trained prognostic scores, such as…
In this paper, we investigate the fixed-time behavioral control problem for a team of second-order nonlinear agents, aiming to achieve a desired formation with collision/obstacle~avoidance. In the proposed approach, the two behaviors(tasks)…
In recent years, real-world external controls have grown in popularity as a tool to empower randomized placebo-controlled trials, particularly in rare diseases or cases where balanced randomization is unethical or impractical. However, as…
Multi-arm multi-stage (MAMS) trials have gained popularity to enhance the efficiency of clinical trials, potentially reducing both duration and costs. This paper focuses on designing MAMS trials where no control treatment exists. This can…